370 
Reports and Proceedings — Geological Societg. 
far as it extended. To the rising of these waters he ascribes the 
destruction of palaeolithic man, the mammoth, and the woolly 
rhinoceros, which he considers are prediluvial. This lake was once 
suddenly and torrentially discharged through the breaking away of 
the Atlantic ice-dam, causing the outspread of the middle glacial 
sands and gravels, but was formed again, and ultimately drained by 
the cutting through of the channel of the Bosphorus. 
He also öfters suggestions to account for the preservation of the 
Aralo-Caspian fauna and the arrival of Arctic animals in the area. 
3. “ The Glacial Period.” By J. F. Campbell, Esq., F.G.S. 
In this paper the author gave the results of numerous observations 
extending over many years, and made in many different parts of the 
world, the results of which had led liim to form the opinion that no 
geological record exists of any abnormal Glacial periods colder than 
the present world’s climate. But if the term “ Glacial period ” be 
used with a limitation, such as “ local,” or “ Alpine,” or “ European,” 
he saw nothing to object to. Changes in the relations between the 
surface of the earth and the undoubtedly permanently glacial 
portions of the atmosphere, principally brought about by changes of 
level in the former, appeared to him sufficient to account for the 
phenomena. The most recent so-called Glacial peiäods being fixed 
in Postpliocene times, the author remarked that Indian glaciers (lat. 
27°-32° N.) are now almost as large as they have been since the 
deposition of the crumpled Tertiary deposits known as “ Nahuns ” 
and “ Sivaliks.” A similar result was obtained from observations in 
the Caucasus (lat. 40° N.) and Rocky Mountains (lat. 36°-37° N.). 
In Northern Italy (about lat. 45°-46° N.) glaciers were a great deal 
larger in Postpliocene times than at present. 
4. “ The Action of Coast-ice on an Oscillating Area.” By Prof. J. 
Milne, F.G.S., of the Imperial College of Engineering, Tokio, Japan. 
In this paper the author described the results of observations made 
by him in Newfoundland, Labrador, and Finland, which had led him 
to believe that many of the marks generally regarded as furnishing 
evidence of the existence of an ice-cap, or at least of an enormous 
extension of land-ice at certain periods, might easily be explained by 
the action of coast-ice upon an oscillating, and especially a rising ai'ea. 
5. “ On Points of Similarity between Zeolitic and Siliceous Incrus- 
tations of Recent Formation by Thermal Springs and those observed 
in Amygdaloid and other Altered Yolcanic Rocks.” By Prof. A. 
Daubree, F.M.G.S. 
The author described the formation of zeolitic minerals by the 
infiltration of masonry by the waters of thermal springs at Plom- 
bieres (Yosges), Luxeuil (Haute-Saöne), Bourbonne (Haute-Marne), 
and near Oran in Algeria. In breaking through the wall of con- 
crete, composed of fragments of stone and brick built by the Romans 
round the mouths of these springs, it has been found that the 
materials employed have undergone a great ohange by the long- 
continued action of the water. The cavities in the bricks are occu- 
pied by minerals, generally zeolitic, among the most abundant of 
which is chabasite, agreeing in all respects with the natural mineral. 
