444 
M. Verbeek — Geology of Sumatra. 
slates of the oldest part of tbe Eocene formation (5a) ; the latter 
contain, on tlie River Sänkärewang, remains of Fishes and Plants. 
The following summary, by Prof. H. B. Geinitz and Dr. W. v. d. 
Marck ( Report Imp. Geol. Instit. Vienna, August 31, 1876), of the 
Information they have obtained on the geology and fossils of 
Sumatra, may be introduced here with advantage. 
Mr. B. D. M. Yerbeek has noticed the following succession of rocks 
(in ascending order) near Fort Van-der-Capellen, West-Coast, Sumatra. 
1. Grey Limestones abounding with a large spherical form of 
Fusulina (belonging to the group of Fus. robusta, Meek), and the 
ossicles of Crinoid stems. Tliis Fusulina approaches very near the 
Carinthian form Fus. globosa. Prof- Geinitz’s Fus. Verbeelci is 
identical with Ehrenberg’s Borelis princeps from the hornstone of 
the Carboniferous Limestone near Archangel. These limestones 
may be ranked in the Upper Carboniferous, or eventually, perhaps, 
in the Inferior Dyadic (Lower Permian) Series. 
2. Marl-sliale Formation [Marl-slates~\, dark-grey, thinly laminated 
shales, with remains of Fishes, analogous to tliose of Glaris. These 
Shales, immediately resting on greenstones, are considered by Prof. 
Geinitz and Dr. von der Marek to be a connecting link between 
Cretaceous and Eocene deposits ; and by Professors Herz and R. 
Jones to be Eocene. [Dr. Günther, however, has indicated their 
very close alliance with recent forms.] 
3. Sandstones with Coal-seams, without organic remains, nearly 
1000 feet thick, resting unconformably on the Marl-shales. Tlie 
only fossils in them are undeterminable stalks and leaves of plants, 
small Melanice, and traces of Fish. 
4. Marly Sandstones, very far spread ; a marine deposit with 
remains of Ostrea, Pecten, and Serpula. 
5. Coral-limestones (rather extensively overlying group 4) ; includ- 
ing internal casts of Gasteropods and Conchifers, togetber with 
Echinidce comparable with the Eocene forms Prenaster Alpinus, 
Desor, and Periaster sub-globosus, Desor. 
The fossil Fishes from the laminated, black-brown, bituminous 
shales, with Coprolites, have been described by Dr. W. v. d. Makck 
as four new species, namely, P rotosyngnathus Sumatrensis \_Auliseops 
Sumatranus, Günther], Sardinioides amblystoma [ Thynnichthys amblyo- 
stoma, Günther], Brachyspondylus saropteryx, and B. Indiens [ Pseudo - 
tropius Verbeekii, Günther] ; and in bis opinion this fauna, especially 
Sardinites, allows him to parallelize these shales both with the 
uppermost Cretaceous beds of Westphalia and Syria and with the 
Eocene fish-beds of Monte Bolca, and thus to regard them as an 
intermediate link between Cretaceous and Eocene, and analogous to 
the “Liburnian” horizon of Istria and Dalmatia. — Report Geol. 
Instit. Vienna, August 31, 1876. 
Dr. Günther points out (op. cit. suprä, p. 434) that of the nine 
genera of Fishes represented in the Sumatran Collection which he 
examined, all but one have living species, mostly in India and 
Sumatra. 
