Horace B. Wooclicard — Notes on the Devonian Rocks. 453 
Abbot that proved unconfonnability. And I could only agree with 
Jukes that concealed disturbances and faults would account for all 
the phenomena there to be observed. 1 
The promontory of Torquay and Babbacombe Well sliows the 
great disturbances to whick the beds liave been subjected. The 
eliffs are for the raost part abrupt, and they can only be studied by 
the aid of a boat. In the quarry at Hope’s Nose nearly horizontal 
beds of limestone may be seen resting on the upturned edges of 
similar rock, in such a manner that a first glance would seem to 
show an undoubted case of unconfonnability. It requires, however, 
but little examination to prove that this feature is the result of 
a fault acting on the disturbed beds of limestone, and whose bade 
is inclined inwards from the face of the quarry. The contortions 
tkroughout the Torquay district are very great, and the faults are 
numerous. In one instance the beds are clearly reversed, as Mr. 
Champernovvne has pointed out. 2 
At Meadfoot are beds of slate and grit which show considerable 
metamorphism. Some of the large masses strewn along the shore 
well exhibit the phenomena of cleavage, bedding and jointing. The 
precise relation of these beds to the limestone is not clear owing to 
numerous faults, but I think we have in them representatives of the 
lower portion of the slaty series or the junction beds with the red 
sandstone group. 
Some liard grits that occur near Christ Church, Ellacombe, and 
near Upton Church, also north of Hope Farm, reminded me of the 
Millstone-grit. 
These notes are scanty, but they may not be without their use. 
A study of what has been written, and, more important still, the 
recent field-researches of Mr. Champernowne, indicate that the faots 
to be obtained near Newton Abbot and Torquay may be applicable 
to the whole of South Devon ; and the structure may therefore be 
rnuch simpler than is generally tkought, or than the observations of 
Dr. Holl would lead us to suppose. 3 
Much has been written, and especially by Mr. Etheridge, about the 
correlation of the beds by fossil evidence; but it is needless to observe 
that until the stratigraphical relations of the beds have been worked 
out, the organic remains cannot be taken as evidence for Classifica- 
tion. The work of Phillips, which will always be higlily valued 
for its specific identifications, contains few references to the exact 
liorizons from which the species were obtained. Much of the col- 
lecting must therefore be done afresk, and here is plenty of work for 
the resident geologist. We cannot have too many lists of fossils 
recording the precise beds and localities ; for by these means only can 
we determine the succession of life forms, and arrive at any conclu- 
sions as to the geographical distribution of the species. 1 
1 Notes on parts of S. Devon, etc., p. 7. See also Geol. Mao., Dec. II. Yol. 
III., Oct., 1876. 2 Trans. Devon. Assoc. for 1874. 
2 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xxiv. p. 400. 
1 I trust that Mr. J. E. Lee may be tempted to publisli a catalogue of the 
Devonian fossils in his Collection. 
