454 
Clement Reid — Culm-measures near Chudleigh. 
So far as one can judge at present, tke evidence certainly favours 
tke views of Jukes, tkat tlie basement beds of tke Devonian System 
are truly Old Red Sandstone, wkile the succeeding slates and lime- 
stones were formed during wkat we call tke Lower Carboniferous 
period, and in a different zoological province to tke Mountain Linie- 
stone of otker parts. The view tkat tke entire series of tlie Devonian 
rocks was deposited during tke same period as tke Old Red 
Sandstone is entirely unsupported by pkysical or stratigraphical 
evidence, for it requires a barrier to kave existed at tke time, 
separating a lacustrine from a purely marine area, and of this we 
kave not tke sligktest evidence. And indeed, just where we skould 
look to find it, we come across the niass of Liniestone at Cannington 
Park, whick some observers call Carboniferous Limestone and some 
Devonian Liniestone. Perkaps botk views may be right. 
VII. On THE JüNCTlON OF THE LlMESTONE AND CULM-MEASURES 
near Chudleigh. 
By Clement Heid, F.G.S., 
of the Geological Survey of England and Wales. 
(Communicated by permission of the Director-General of the Geological Survey of 
the United Kingdom.) 
I N tke course of an examination of tlie district around Chudleigh 
during tke year 1875, I was led to consider that tkere is a 
passage from tke Devonian Limestone into tke Culm-measures, and 
tkat all tke appearances which kave been accepted as indicating un- 
conformability may be easily accounted for by a fault with a con- 
siderable bade. 
Tke peculiar position of tke Chudleigh Limestone has led to many 
liypotkeses in explanation of the manner in wkicli it appears to abut 
against tke Culm-measures. Sir Henry De la Becke, judging from 
the apparent dip of tke Culm-measures beneath tke Devonian rocks, 
considered that tke Limestone was iticluded in tke Carbonaceous 
Series, and as such it was engraved in liis publisked sections and 
coloured in the Geological Survey Map. 
Mr. Godwin-Austen and most subsequent writers kave recog- 
nized tke identity of tke liniestone of Chudleigh with tkat of Newton 
Abbot, but kave considered tkat there is evidence of unconform- 
ability, and kave drawn hypothetical sections in support of tliis view. 
Tke following fossils, whick I collected from tke limestone in tke 
neigkbourkood of Chudleigh, correspond closely with tkose to be 
found near Newton Abbot. Tke species kave been identified by Mr. 
Etheridge : — 
Lower Dunscombe Quarry (upper part of tke limestone) : 
Rhynchonella pugnus, Mart. sp. 
,, cuboidcs, Sby. 
Atrypa , sp. 
„ reticularis, Linn. sp. 
Streptorhynchus crenütria, Phil. 
Fenestella. 
Cyrtoceras. • 
Kerswell Quarry (middle or lower part of tke limestone) : 
Stromat.opora. 
Oyathophyllum ctsspitosum, Goldf. 
Favosites cervicornis, Edw. 
Heliolites porosa, Goldf. 
Alreolites suborbicularis , Lamk. 
Pullastra. 
