MOVING FORCE. 
163 
termined to what perpendicular heieht a known weight of diffi 
may be raised, with an uniform velocity, by the action of that doctrines of 
given quantity of wau r ; and he considers the product of the *“‘*'*“b 
weight multiplied into the height to w'hich it is raised ; or, in 
other words, the ^iressure into the space through which it acts, 
as the proper measure of the effect produced. The current of 
the water being uniform, he first ascertains, (by means of a 
pump which supplies it,) the quantity w'hich passes in one 
Tuinule, and then he makes various experiments to ascertain 
the greatest effect that can be produced by that quantity, by 
merely multiplying, after every experiment, the weight into 
the height to which it is raised in a minute. Now, the time 
of one minute is taken merely because it is known that a cer- 
tain quantity of water passes in that lime, the effect of which 
is to be estimated, being produced in the same time. But the 
time is by no means a necessary element in the estimation of 
the effect ; for the height to which a weight is raised by any 
other given quantity of the running water, may easily be de- 
termined without reference to the time, and the result will be 
the same as when the time is considered. Let p, for example, 
represent the power, that is, a given quantity of water mov- 
ing with a given velocity, and e the effect or the product 
of the weight into the height to which it is raised by that 
power, without any reference to the lime in w'hich it is raised. 
Let p' be any other quantity of water moving (for the sake of 
simplicity) with the same velocity, and e' its effect. Now, if 
the power be equally well applied in bodi cases, and if we have 
adopted a proper measure in estimating the effect, we shall have 
jt is obvious, that this equation will constantly be 
e e 
found by Mr. Sineaton’s methixl, and we must therefore con- 
clude, that he has adopted the proper measure of the foice. 
But Mr. Smeaton’s reasoning is farther objected to, as fol- 
lows : “ Hi' second general maxim is, that the expcnce of 
water being the same, the effect will be nearly as the height of 
the effective head, or (as it is expressed in maxim third) as the 
N 2 
square 
