20 
island of Java, in which, while the ball-and-socket appen- 
dage is present, the fringe is wanting. Some who have seen 
this scale have compared it to a lobster-pot, for the top of 
the scale is hollow, the points not meeting and closing as in 
other scales ; this is figured from a slide prepared by Norman, 
of the City Road. Fig. 6 is from Anthocharis Danai, a 
tropical representative of the English Orange-tip. The ma- 
jority of the members of this group have a patch of bright- 
red or orange on the tips of the anterior wings, while the 
under side of the posterior wings is beautifully marked with 
green and pearl-white. Fig. 7 is from A. Antevippe, and 
fig. 8 from A. Evippe, two African members of this group. 
Many other examples might be given, but a sufficient 
number have been adduced to show that through the family 
of the Fieri dse, in the males alone, are found scales of a cer- 
tain type differing in the different species, but whether suffi- 
ciently distinct from each other as to make them available 
for determining species seems doubtful. Though, as has 
been seen, the fringe or tassel-like termination is not present 
in all the Pieridae, yet they all appear to have the peculiar 
ball-and-socket-like bulb at the base of the scale. 
Among the Polyommati all the continental and tropical 
species of the “ blues ” proper, which I have been able to 
obtain, exhibit some modification of the “ battledore ” scales 
figured by microscopists. I have figured those found on 
blues, which, though common on the continent, have but 
seldom been taken in Britain, and are, therefore, at present 
not classed as British insects. They are P. Dory las (fig. 9), 
P. Argus (fig. 10), and P. (Egon (fig. 11). A male of this 
last has been taken near Brighton this season by a boy, and 
therefore has as great a claim as P. bceticus to be considered 
British. I have used the term “ blues ” proper advisedly, 
for strange though it appear, the “ battledore ” is found only 
on those males of this group which have blue or bluish wings. 
It would seem that when, as regards colour, the males 
resemble in personal appearance the females, they are without 
what I call another male characteristic. As was mentioned 
before, the males of the blues proper are of some shade of 
blue, while the females are brown and only dashed or spotted 
with that colour. Other species are of brown hue and without 
the blue scales, and among these the males, as far as my obser- 
vations are concerned, do not possess any peculiar scale. Mr. 
J. Watson, of Manchester, who has been working on plumules 
and battledores, remarks, “ No species, however, the males of 
which are brown, yields these scales and he has found 
battledores on 121 species belonging to this group. 
