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circulating system ; and maintains, 1st, that there is no need 
of finely ramifying vessels in organisms so minute as Infu- 
soria ; 2nd, that they have not been seen, their supposed 
indication being due to pressure, &c. ; and 3rd, that the 
vesicle clearly opens by an external orifice in Spirostomum 
and Stentor. Dr. Moxon also shows that the “ lateral 
crest ” of Stentor is part of a newly budding individual. He 
does not appear to be acquainted with a valuable paper by 
Dr. Zenker (Schultze’s ‘ Arcliiv,’ ii, p. 332, and ‘ Quart. 
Jour. Microsc. Science, 5 vol. Hi, p. 263), in which the 
question of the function of the vesicle is discussed, and it is 
very clearly shown to open outwardly. Dr. Zenker had 
observed the vesicle of Spirostomum previously to Dr. Moxon. 
He says : — “ After seeing this animal, it is incredible that 
the existence of an external orifice should have been so long 
a matter of doubt.” 
Professor Wrzesniowski, of Warsaw, publishes a valuable 
study on the Anatomy of the Infusoria in Max Schultze’s 
Arcliiv, v, Part 1 (1869). He figures and describes the 
vesicle, the anus, the nucleus, and the trichocysts of 
several large species of Infusor. He regards the vesicle 
as excretory. 
Australian Polyzoa is the title of a paper by P. H. 
MacGillivray, A.M., M.R.C.S., read before the Royal Society 
of Victoria. Forty-eight new species are described, and two 
new genera. Figures are not given in the present publica- 
tion, but are promised in Professor M £ Coy’s forthcoming 
‘ Memoirs of the Museum.’ Specimens are deposited in the 
National Museum of Victoria. The new genera are Dictyo- 
pora, belonging to the Escharidse and Petralia of the same 
family. 
On the Developmental History and Systematic Position of 
the Bryozoa and Gephyrea is an important paper by A. 
Schneider, in Schultze’s Archiv, v, Part 2. Very new and 
startling views as to the relations of the two groups above- 
named are put forward, which demand the fullest considera- 
tion, coming, as they do, from so eminent an observer as 
Anton Schneider. We have not space now to reproduce 
Schneider’s views, hut the paper must be read by all who 
are interested in philosophical zoology. 
On the Dimorphism of the Ovary in Tubifex. — Dr. Fritz 
Ratzel, of Carlsrhue, in an article on the Anatomy and 
Systematic Arrangement of the Oligochceta (Kolliker’s and 
Siebold’s Zeitschrift, heft iv, b. 18), states that in Tubifex 
rivulorum the ovary presents itself in one or other of two 
different forms. The first and more frequent form is that 
