THE LEISHMANIA OF ITALIAN KALA-AZAH. 
359 
regard to nomenclature, since the various structural elements 
of Leishmania have received vai’ious denominations, 
especially from the Italian authors ; moreover, it is necessary 
to put aside names which have different meanings and may 
produce confusion, and to restore the nomenclature of 
Leishmania to that which is in scientific use for the cell- 
body of flagellate Protozoa allied to the genus Leishmania. 
Since my observations, like those of Wenyon for Leish- 
mania tropica, enable me to affirm the nuclear nature of 
the blepharopla.st-nucleus of the Leishmania of Italian and 
Tunisian kala-azar in the flagellate form of the Leptomonas 
in cultui’es, one should abandon, as has been done for the other 
Protozoa, the names “nucleolus,^’ “micronucleus,” “centro- 
some ” and “ extra-nuclear centrosome,” which record a past 
uncertainty of knowledge with i-eg’ai’d to the blepharoplastic 
nucleus andengendei’ a grave confusion with other constituent 
parts of the cell endowed with quite other functions. There 
remain in common use the denominations kinetonucleus 
and blepharoplastic nucleus or blepharoplast simply ; 
but Miuchin and Woodcock and other English authors 
indicate very properly by the name blepharoplast the basal 
granule (Rosenbusch) from which the flagellum takes 
origin, and which is situated usually in the zone of the 
nuclear sap of the kinetonucleus 
The principal nucleus or trophonucleus (Woodcock) of 
Leishmania is of vesicular type, and, especially in the pre- 
parations fixed wet and stained with haomatoxylin by 
Heidenhain^s method (figs. 19-46), presents the typical 
structure of the nucleus of trypanosomes and other allied 
Protozoa. It is constituted by a membrane, well defined and of 
a certain thickness, which encloses a clear space, the so-called 
zone of nuclear sap, and at the centre a granule of chromatin 
stained a deep black and of compact structure, the karyo- 
some. In the preparations differentiated for a long time in 
iron-alum, it is possible to distinguish in some Leishmanias 
a very small granule, the centriole, in the interior of the 
karyosome. 
