THE EFFECTS OF HYI’ERTONIC SOLUTIONS. 
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hour witli 50 c.c. sea-water -|- 5 c.c. 2-J- M. NaCl solution, similar 
to figs. 3 and 4 of this work. Figs. 46 and 38 of his paper show 
the swelling of the chromosomes, while fig’s. 37 and 39-50 make 
it appear as though a process of vesicle-formation had taken 
place, comparable to what I have described. Fig. 31 of this 
paper is quite compai’able to figs. 14 and 18 of Konopacki. I 
have failed, however, to find structures similar to his figs. 17, 
20, 24, 31-36. A comparison of the figures of the two papers 
will make these points apparent. 
In a recent paper Griintlier Hertwig (5) has described the 
cytology of the eggs of Parechinus miliar is (Echinus 
miliar is) fertilised by sperm of the same species which had 
been previously subjected to radium emanations. As his 
results have some bearing on the general questions at issue, it 
may be convenient to give a summary of his woi’k. In the 
case of eggs which were fertilised by sperm which had been 
treated with ra}'s from a “ Mesothoriumpraparat ” (55 mg. 
pure radium bromide) for twelve to fifteen hours, the male 
chromatin was found to have lost its power of development 
and remained quiescent just as in Teichmann’s prepai-ations ; 
it never regained its activity, however, and eventually degene- 
rated in the cytoplasm of the egg. 
In some of the figures which illustrate the fate of sperm 
clu’omatin which has been treated with “ Riidiumprapaiat I ” 
(7’4 mg. pure radium bromide) for sixteen hours, the male 
prouucleus is seen to have fused with that of the female, 
immediately giving rise to abnormalities. Hertwig descril)es 
his results as follows : “ . . . zu einer Zeit, wo die Kon- 
trolleier schon zweigeteilt waren, der Furchungskern sich 
etwas in die Liinge gestreckt hat; an seinen beiden Enden 
sind ;chwache Strahlnngen entwickelt, die Stelle, wo der 
Spermakern mit dem Eikern verschmoltzen war, ist noch 
daran kenntlich, das hier eine dichtere Anhaufung’ von 
Chromatinfaden sich findet. Ferner sind, unabhiinofiof von 
dem Spermachromatiu, in der Masse des uispriinglicheu 
Eikei-ns, (drei) mit Heidenhaiuschen Hiimatoxylin sich 
tief.schwarz tingierende, mit Bioiidi-losung sich ebeiiso wie 
