JIAKGAKET EOIJINSOX. 
572 
iu the nuclei of the stages between sporozoite and trophozoite, 
and in watching the evolution of the karyosonies, that we cati 
arrive at any conclusion as to the origin of the chromatin of 
the chromosomes in the first spindle. With this end in view 
1 examined the alimentary tract of several infected specimens 
of Arenicola ecaudata, and found cysts in the oesophagus 
and in the intestine, which shows that swallowing is a possible 
method of infection. I have also cut sections through the 
gut walls of several specimens in the hopes of finding 
sporozoites in transit, but always without success. It 
seems most hkely that the sporozoites make their way very 
speedily through the gut walls and then carry on their 
further development in the coelomic fluid. 1 did find in the 
coelom specimens of a very young trophozoite without an 
epimerite (fig. 9) ; but this, unfortunately for my purposes, 
had already several large and small karyosonies in its nucleus. 
Two other points on which 1 have been able to supplement 
Mr. Cunningham^s observations are multiple association and 
the structure aud reproduction of the karyosonies. 
Multijjle Associations. — In preparing the cysts for 
embedding 1 noticed many cases of multiple association — 
sometimes there were as many as five individuals together, 
sometimes four, and very frequently three. Mr. Ciiuninghain 
has figured four tro])hozoites coming together (19U7). On 
cutting the sections 1 found a cyst containing five gametocyies, 
each of which had many nuclei ; and i found several cysts 
with three ganietocytes in like condition, liut since 1 have 
never found a cyst containing more than two ganietocytes iu 
the “pearl stage” or furtlier advanced, i am forced on 
to iJr. \Voodcock’s conclusion (1900) that these muhiple 
associations come to nothing. 
Stkuctuke or thk Kauyosume. 
Unfortunately 1 have not succeeded in tracing the origin of 
the first karyosoine. In the youngest trophozoite seen by me 
(fig. 9) there are already several karyosonies in the nucleus. 
