PLANTS THAT ABE CARRIED BY ANIMALS. 65 
fowl, turkey, duck, and a few others ; also to marmot, 
horse, ox, and pig, making five hundred and twenty sepa- 
rate experiments. As to the marmot, horse, ox, and pig, 
almost all the fruits and seeds were destroyed. From 
the ox grew a very few seeds of millet, and from the horse 
one or two lentils and a few oats ; from the pig a species 
of dogwood, privet, mallow, radish, and common locust. 
Under ordinary conditions, no seed was found to germi- 
nate after passing through the turkey, hen, pigeon, cross- 
bill, bullfinch, goldfinch, nutcracker, titmouse, and the 
duck. Ravens and jackdaws passed without injury seeds 
of stone fruits and others with very hard coats. Of seeds 
that passed through the blackbird 75 per cent germinated, 
85 per cent in the case of the thrush, 80 per cent in the 
case of the robin. 1 
40. Color, odor, and pleasant taste of fruits are advertise- 
ments. — In summer, buds are formed on bushes of black 
raspberry, blossoms appear, and these are followed by 
small, green, and bitter berries, which hardly anything 
cares to eat. They grow slowly, become soft and pulpy, 
and finally good to eat. How is bird or boy or girl to 
know where they are and when they are fit to eat ? The 
plant has enterprise and has displayed two want advertise- 
1 It should be noted that the blackbird here mentioned is not the same 
as either of our blackbirds, but a thrush much like our robin ; that the 
robin mentioned is a ground warbler nearly related to our bluebird. It 
should also be noted that jackdaws, ravens, thrushes, and probably many 
others eject thousands of seeds by the mouth for one which passes through 
the intestines. 
