10 
SEED DISPERSAL. 
large ones weighing from 75 to 100 pounds each. To plow 
land where grubs abound requires a stout plow and sev- 
eral pairs of horses or oxen. 
A small white oak, after it has been many times killed 
to the ground, dies in the middle and sprouts at the 
margins, and finally the main root perishes, and two roots, 
with branches a little distance apart, support each a clus- 
ter of stems above ground. 
Fig. 4. — Grub, or remains of a white oak, still older than the one 
represented in Fig. 3. A hole appears where the tap root has 
rotted away. The right-hand portion is already dividing, and in 
time, if often killed back, we might find several distinct oaks as 
descendants from one acorn. 
There can be no doubt that young oak trees slowly 
move in this manner from one place to another. If in 
fifty years we have two distinct grubs or branches, three 
or four feet apart, where the connecting part has finally 
died out, I see no reason why in another fifty years each 
one of the two may not again have spread and divided, 
