TOTANUS. 
INDEX. 
TURKEY. 
469 
Totanus^ double moult in, ii. 81. 
Toucans, colours and nidification of 
the, ii. 171 ; beaks and ceres of the, 
ii. 227. 
Towns, residence in, a cause of dimi- 
nished stature, i. 115. 
Toynbee, J., on the external shell of 
the ear in man, i. 21. 
Trachea, convoluted and imbedded 
in the sternum, in some birds, ii. 59 ; 
structure of the, in Ehynchdda, ii. 
203. 
Trades, affecting the form of the 
skull, i. 147. 
Tragelaphus, sexual differences of co- 
lour in, ii. 288. 
Tragelaphus scriptus, dorsal crest of, 
ii. 282 ; markings of, ii. 299, 300. 
Tragopan, i. 270 ; swelling of the 
wattles of the male, during court- 
ship, ii. 72 ; display of plumage by 
the male, ii. 91 ; markings of the 
sexes of the, ii. 134. 
Tragops dispar^ sexual difference in 
the colour of, ii. 30. 
Training, effect of, on the metal 
difference between the sexes of man, 
ii. 329. 
Transfer of male characters to female 
birds, ii. 193. 
Transmission, equal, of ornamental 
characters, to both sexes in mam- 
mals, ii. 297. 
Traps, avoidance of, by animals, i. 
49 ; use of, i. 137. 
Treachery, to comrades, avoidance 
of, by savages, i. 88. 
Tremex columbsd, i. 365. 
Tribes, extinct, i. 160; extinction 
of, i. 236. 
Trichius, difference of colour in the 
sexes of a species of, i. 368. 
Trimen, R., on the proportion of 
the sexes in South African butter- 
flies, i. 310; on the attraction of 
males by the female of Lasiocampa 
quercus, i. 312; on Pneumora, i. 
358 ; on difference of colour in the 
sexes of beetles, i. 367 ; on moths 
brilliantly coloured beneath, i. 
397 ; on mimickry in butterflies, i. 
412 ; on Gynanisa Isis, and on the 
ncellated spots of Lepidoptera, ii. 
132 ; on Cyllo Leda, ii. 133. 
Tringa, sexes and young of, ii. 216. 
Tilnga cornuta, ii. 82. 
Triphxna, coloration of the species 
of, i. 395. ' 
Tristram, H. B., on unhealthy dis- 
tricts in North Africa, i. 244 ; on 
the habits of the chaffinch in 
Palestine, i. 307 ; on the birds of 
the Sahara, ii. 172 ; on the animals 
inhabiting the Sahara, ii. 224. 
Triton cristatus, ii. 24. 
Triton palmipes, ii. 24. 
Triton punctatus, ii. 24, 25. 
Troglodytes vulgaris, ii. 198. 
Trogons, colours and nidification of 
the, ii. 171, 173. 
Tropic-birds, white only when ma- 
ture, ii. 228. 
Tropics, freshwater fishes of the, ii. 
17. 
Trout, proportion of the sexes in, i. 
308 ; male, pugnacity of the, ii. 3. 
Trox sabulosus, stridulation of, i. 
380. 
Truth, not rare between members of 
the same tribe, i. 95 ; more highly 
appreciated by certain tribes, i. 
100 . 
Tulloch, Major, on the immunity of 
the negro from certain fevers, i. 
243. 
Tumbler, almond, change of plumage 
in the, i. 294. 
Turdus merula, ii. 170; young of, ii. 
219. 
Turdus migratorius, ii. 185. 
Turdus musicus, ii. 170. 
Turdus polyglottus, young of, ii. 
219. 
Turdus torquatus, ii. 170. 
Turkey, swelling of the wattles of 
the male, ii. 72 ; variety of, with 
a top-knot, ii. 74 ; recognition of a 
dog by a, ii. 110 ; wild, pugnacity 
of young male, ii. 48 ; wild, notes 
of the, ii. 60 ; male, wild, accept- 
able to domesticated females, ii. 
119; wild, first advances made by 
older females, ii. 121 ; wild, breast- 
tuft of bristles of the,'ii. 179. 
Turkey-cock, scraping of the wings 
of, upon the ground, ii. 61 ; wild, 
display of plumage by, ii. 87 ; 
fighting habits of, ii. 98. 
