•closely allied species from Cuba and Florida, the plants are smaller and each 
lobe bears a cluster of reddish enlarged cells at the base. In F. eboracensis, the 
•commonest species of Frullania in the northern and eastern parts of North 
America, the lobules are smaller than in F. mexicana, and the inflorescence is 
dioicous. 
io. Frullania riojaneirensis (Raddi) Spruce, Hep. Amaz. et And. 23. 
1884. Frullanoides riojaneirensis Raddi, Mem. Soc. Ital. Modena Fis. 19 : 37. 
1823; 20 : pi. 2, f. 4. 1829. Frullania sebastianopolitana Lindenb.; G. L. & N. 
Syn. Hep. 412. 1845. 
Collected in March, 1915, on bark, at Brickell Hammock, Miami, Dade 
County, Florida, by J. K. Small (No. 5273). New to the United States, but 
widely distributed in tropical America. F. riojaneirensis belongs to the sub- 
genus Chonanthelia and is the third member of this group to be reported from 
the United States, the other two being F. arietina Tayl. (from Florida) and F. 
gibbosa Nees (from Alabama). Its relationship to F. arietina 1 is especially close. 
It differs, however, in its inflorescence, which is autoicous instead of being paroi- 
cous. The sexual branch in F. arietina is very characteristic on account of the 
saccate perigonial bracts just below the involucre. In F. riojaneirensis there is 
a gradual series from the vegetative leaves of the female branch to the inner- 
most perichaetial bracts, and the male inflorescence occupies a short branch in 
the vicinity of the involucre. 
The number of species of Frullania now known from the United States 
(including Alaska) is twenty-eight. Only eleven of these- are definitely known 
from Florida at the present time, but other species may reasonably be expected, 
especially in the more tropical portions of the state. 
Sheffield Scientific School, Yale University. 
Explanation of Plate I 
Fig. 1. Tip of a stem with perianth, dorsal view, the bract on the left torn 
and bent back, x 15. 
Fig. 2. Part of a stem with a branch, dorsal view, x 15. 
Fig. 3. Part of a stem with well-developed underleaves, ventral view, x 15. 
Figs. 4-6. Underleaves, x 15. 
Fig. 7. An underleaf, x 35. 
Fig. 8. An underleaf, coalescent with a leaf on the left, x 15. 
Figs. 9-1 i. Innermost bracts and bracteole of Fig. 1, x 15. 
Fig. 12. Second bracteole of Fig. i, x 15. 
Fig. 13. Cross section of perianth of Fig. i, x 35. 
The figures were all drawn from the type specimen. 
1 For a description of this species, with figures, see Evans, Trans. Connecticut Acad. 10 : 5. 
pi. 1, f. 1-6. 1897- 
