Chert 
M r Victoria 
Station 
.O, 
OJddnv, "Cal 
m CaJ/StJ/n-^ 
Ciossopttns eh^> 
.,f I H/crtJhH 
; \ Crmina 
l oose Mocks or 
Denman Rocks 
'cintMHng fossil sheks 
vti 
.. Quarries for 
\..BoM/og Stone 
fost/hrtrous' 
Upper Ujnnr 
Mt Victoria, Rlackheath, Ha 
and the Kanimbla Valley 
By' J.Milne^rran, (.LBall, & H.G.Rienits. 
Sandstone 
end 
C ongtomerales 
KenimSl. t 
Homeslcj. 
flACKHEATW 
Sr Anon 
£*fyp.? ‘Carboniferous 
opper Marine A- Coat Measures 
| V-» + ] Diorite Fetsite 
j Granite 
friti s sic 
Devonian 
Railway 
Track 
THU MAP IS RULED INTO SQUARE MILES AND yfff H 
CUFFS ARE SHOWN BY HEAVY SHADING. ITS TOPOGRAPHICAL FEATURES ARF. BASED ON THE TOURISTS' MAP ISSUED BY THE NEW SOUTH MALES GOVERNMENT PRINTER 
MiilWMM 
Not© 1. A small patch hi granite in exposed, by denudation, iierv. The 
rock varies rather much in character ami in place* contain-. schorl , 
Not© 2 — A socoml amnll patch of granite iH exposed at tin la ud of the 
Bonnie Biink Creek, uut fur from Bonnio Blink House. To the west of tire 
granite outcrop, blocks of Upper Marine hods lira found iiniieddi-.| | n the 
soil. These blocks arc rich in marine fossils, mostly in the futm irf m»t*. 
The following have been recognised Shells: ir/iinfn, Pn,.i . . 
brntuln, Kmmphn] n.i, Arieufop»flm, Pluty-lninin. (’orals: /‘iphrtniii, 
Sltnoporn, Polyzoa, ProtonJopom, and also casts of the Interwlnig fossil 
Coinihiriu. A somewhat similar patch of fox*i lifer au« ro.-k occurs -in the 
••Com} ridge to the north-west. 
Not© 3- IT pper Marine beds are found here resting on granite. Fnssil- 
ifnroUS beds are cloeo to the granite, and ale covered by Upper Marine sand 
stones and conglomerates. The fossils are not well preserved, hut l’wductus, 
Spirifcra, ami Ruoinpiialus have been recognised. Fossils may In- discovered 
in the shallow cuttings made for road purposes. 
Note 4 Mount I’iddingtnn Shales, that have yielded magnificent f-.s-il 
plants, ticctir fts a lenticular bed in the llawkesburv Saurbtnui* here. The 
bed of shales is about 300 feet long, with a maximum thickness of four feet. 
The bed nn«y he seen on both sides of the tongue shaped ridgeof sandstone that 
runs south from Mount Victoria. The shale is mostly white, but in places 
mould brlck-rcd and purple. Dendritic markings of manganese oxide aru 
rather common along the joints. Kxtreniely fine fronds of Thinnfthlbt 
have been recovered from these shales. A number of plants, not vet 
determined, have also been found. Some of the fowls are thought to repre- 
sent blossoms of (lowering plants. 
Note 5. Narrabeeu Shales. These shales are seen to underlie the 
Hawkcsbnry Sandstones and can be recognised in many place* hereabouts. 
Thoy can be best seen in the cuttings on the Bathurst road, w here three beds, 
in particular, may be distinguished. The top bed is ‘20 feet in thickness, and of 
ft characteristic chocolate-pod colour. Forty feot below, a purple-coloured led 
some 10 feet in thickness, can lie found. Twenty feet below this last, another 
(i feel hand will be noted. These beds form portion of the Narrabeeu Modes 
which, a little lower down, rest on the Coni Measures. Bands of luCmatitc 
are abundant- in the uppermost beds. 
Note 6. Some thin seam* of coal have been worked hero, the lowest 
resting on a fire-clay in which OlossopU-ris has been found. 
Note 7. -Near Mitchell’s Bridge are some quarries on the face of the 
bill, allowing « thick bed of chert, Fossils arc rare in the chert itself, but 
some thin parting-beds contain Glo&Suplcri*. Towards the top of the chert 
is a bed of bluish shtlo, about 3 feet in thickness in which Glo&opttri* is 
plentiful. About u hundred yards down the road from the quarries there i.s a 
hod of light blown shale, which weather* into rounded and somewhat eoncholdal 
blocks. Those split easily into layers and contain Qlo**opttri» in abundance. 
Not© 8 Hartley Vale, Keroseue shale crops out a little above the level 
of the river Lett. It is worked mostly by drives into the hills. The 
shales are from 2 t/i X feet in thickness, and yield up to 60 gallons of orude 
kerosene oil per ton. A Fault can be seen hero, allowing a displacement of 
SO feet, and show ing pieces of shale left nil the line of fracture. Kcnnene 
shales contain (tlmopfrri* and Vtrl'hrurin. 
Not© 9- -Camel’s Back Mines. There are some drives here for working 
kerosene shales The kerosene shale is up to 1 foot in thickness, nud 1* 
overlain by n bluer shale from which kerosene i* also produced. Lower 
down, a drive cut* a bed of coal 2 fuel in thickness •GA«»t tpleri* common. 
Note 10, — At this point the granite that continues from Hartley gives 
plaee to felsilc*- Up to the present, no hard and fust line has liuuu drawn 
between the felsite and granite on the north. To the south, its boundary 
with diorite is very clearly marked. 
Note 11.— Diorite. I bis outcrop of diorite is situated about the centre of 
the Devonian beds, and is about one mile in diameter. Near its Southern 
boundary, on the Cos River, the rook is, in places, extremely coarse-grained, 
some of the hornblende crystals measuring quite an inch along their length. 
The diorite has, apparently, risen from under *he febites, although there is 
other evidence pointing to the fact that the feUite is the newer rock. These 
igneous rocks are doubtless the cause of the tilting of the Devonian strata 
and their partial mutamorplusin. In the vicinity of tlm diorite, the valeite in 
tho shells is changed into wollastonitc. Wullasinnitt- is also common in some 
of the partly metamorphosed clay stones and sandstone*. 
Not© 12.— By following the creek that run* smith from Mr. T. Delaney's 
house to Grant’s Creek good exposures may he examined of the contuet of the 
Devonian rocks with granite, -lust above t he junction, granite can be seen 
rising in patches through the sindstom-s, and there is evidence tlmt the 
granite 1ms been intruded Into the Devonian rocks, 
Note 13. 1 he diorite here hardly differs in chnraeler from the diorite on 
tin; Cox River. Knar its southern boundary, and just behind Mr T. Delaney's 
house, a dyke of quart/.folsiU cuts up through tliedioiite, and may be traced 
to the creek, a short distance to the west. 
Not© 14. -Deposit* of alum (ptcWingito) and e|wom'* salts (*u|ph to 
of magnesia) Oftan occur in cave* and rook shelters. The tirstuamod usually 
oe.-un, coating the Honrs, one to two im.-hvs in thickness, mostly covered with 
a layer uf loose sand. Good specimens of piukcrjngitc occur at Alum I’nint. 
Not© lf>. -At this point some fo>sdift,Tmis beds are converted into 
Wollaston | to, 
Not© 16. -A vein traverses the granite here, consisting almost entirely 
of tourmaline, but no transparent varieties have been found. 
Note 17 —Tho Devonian hods on the Cox River are much tilted and 
broken. 1 hey consist of altered ulay«(one* and sandstones, with bed* of lydian 
stone. Shell beds aru uot uncommon almost wholly converted into woIIbs- 
trniite. They nro probably the »aiflO beds as those cropping out mint miles 
In the north at Rydal, where they Contain Ptmiuil-’i, S/iiriiir dujwdtu, 
and Rhyu(t\on*Ua pkuridon in abundance (see figs, -"iff and 57). 
Not© 18 In the Fairy Dull Gully some quarries have been opened ill 
a bed of tlm: grained sandstone. Ripple marks and rain-prints show on the 
plane* of bedding. 
M* Victoria 
3000 feet 
2000 » . 
1000 * 
Sea level 
CojcR. 
Devonian 
v70-S j'/ J. ,\ / \ , 
\?L 
Hawkesbury Sandstone 
& Narrabeen Beds 
Coal Measures 
& Upper Marine 
Granite 
Triassic 
Permo-Carboniferous 
Sketch! Sktiun Prom Tint Cox River to Moi st Vn-roni.i. 
