an artificial Spring of Water * j 
which was previoufly cut in a conical form at one end, and 
armed with an iron ring at the other, was driven into the top of 
this hole, and hood up about two yards from the bottom of 
the well, and being furrounded with well-rammed clay, the 
new water afcended in a fmall ftream through the wooden 
pipe. 
Our next operation was to build a wall of clay againft the 
morally fides of the well, with a wall of well -bricks inter- 
nally, up to the top of it. This completely hopped out every 
drop of the old water ; and, on taking out the plug which 
had been put in the wooden pipe, the new water in two or 
three days rofe up to the top, and flowed over the edges of the 
well. 
Afterwards, to gratify my curiofity in feeing how high the 
new fp ring would rife, and for the. agreeable purpofe of pro- 
curing the water at all times quite cold and frefh, I directed 
a pipe of lead, about eight yards long, and three-quarters of 
an inch diameter, to be introduced through the wooden pipe 
defcribed above, into the flratum of marl at the bottom of the 
well, fo as to hand about three feet above the furface of the 
ground. Near the bottom of this leaden pipe was lew T ed, be- 
tween two leaden rings of flanches, an inverted cone of fliff 
leather, into which fome wool was fluffed to flretch it out, fo 
that, after having palled through the wooden pipe, it might 
completely fill up the perforation of the clay. Another leaden 
ring or fianch was foldered round the leaden pipe, about two 
yards below the furface of the ground, which, with fome dou- 
bles of flannel placed under it, was nailed on the top of the 
wooden pipe, by which means the water was perfectly pre- 
cluded from riling between the wooden and the leaden pipes. 
This 
2 
