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A large number of specimens for virus Isolation work have been collected. 
These include, primcipally, throat washings, fecal and some urine specimens. 
They are manintained at -70*C and are being slowly processed for the presence of 
viruses, over the next year. 
IV. Survey of Skin Test Sensitization to Tuberculosis, Atypical Mycobacteria, 
Coccldloldin and Histoplasmin 
Because of the high incidence of tuberculosis in the populations of some of 
these Islands, an attempt was made to recognize all cases of tuberculosis early 
and to evaluate the true extent of the problem. The possibility that atypical 
mycobacteria may be contributing to the pattern of chronic pulmonary disease 
seen was thought to be great. Intradermal skin tests, using seven mycobacterial 
antigens (PPD, PPD-B, PPD-F, PPD-G, PPD-S, PPD-Y, and PPD-avian), coccidioidin 
and histoplasmin were performed on three hundred subjects of all ages on three 
of the Islands: Merlg, in the Banks Islands; Loh, in the Torres Islands; and 
Anuta, the most remote of the Polynesian outliers of the Solomon Islands. On 
Anuta, sixty chest x-rays were taken on Islanders who could reach the ship and 
who had been skin-tested with all nine antigens. All subjects studied had had 
complete physical examinations. 
V. Chest Roentgenographic Survey of the Islands 
In order to determine the extent and characteristics of known and unknown 
pulmonary disease in the Islands studied, over four hundred chest x-rays were 
taken by means of a portable x-ray unit aboard the ship. These studies Included 
screening of about half the population on Anuta, one of the most remote islands, 
and surveys of various villages and clinically ill individuals on other Islands. 
Also carried out was the screening of almost all the students from many 
different southern Solomon Islands and the examination of many patients at the 
government hospital on Santa Cruz. These studies will be useful in determining 
what patients should be evacuated for treatment of tuberculosis, as well as for 
aiding our understanding of the distribution of disease, such as tuberculosis 
and ayptical mycobacterial infection throughout the Islands. Correlation of 
chest x-ray findings with PPD and atypical mycobacterial and mycotic antigen 
skin sensitivities will be performed. In addition, some individuals were found 
to have roentgenographic evidence of cardlovasuclar disease. Two cases of 
probably initial stenosis, one case of pulmonary stenosis, and several people 
with cardiomegaly of undetermined origin were discovered. An Incidental finding 
was the occurrence of calcium on the aortic arch in about the same frequency as 
occurs in the United States, suggesting that the absence of vascular disease 
syndromes in this population is not the result of an absence of atherosclerosis. 
VI. Parasitology: Malarial and Filarial and Intestinal Parasite Studies 
Fifteen hundred thick and thin blood smears were taken on the Island 
populations for evaluation of the incidence of parasitemia for malaria and 
filarla. Stool specimens in appropriate holding media provided a means for 
assessing the levels and kinds of helminthic and amoebic infestation in the 
populations. Hematological studies, including hemoglobin determinations and 
differential blood counts will also provide an index of anemia and of 
eoslnophllla. Fluorescent antibody tests for malaria will be performed on 
selected population samples and correlated with the results of blood smear 
evaluations. 
