02 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
■ 1 t«. iii-- I'.i. i that his more dilute waters were not prepared synthetically from one strong 
■ •.•. .in-water, hut were all natural sea-waters, that is, ocean-water diluted naturally with 
river-water of variable composition. 
Table III. 
Giving the Relative Volumes of Sea- Water according to various Observers. 
I L* 
r 
Cent 
IL 
III. 
X- 1939 
oS,- 1028-27 
IV. 
V. 
Tli. &R.'s “B.” 
0 S 0 - 1028-66. 
Thorpe & Rucker. 
VI. 
Hubbard, 
x- ? 
VII. 
VIII. 
Ekman "D.” 
Dittoar. 
Thorpe & Rucker. 
Tliorpo&R.’s “C.” 
Ditto ar. 
0 
1 000 00 
1 000 00 
1-000 00 
1-000 00 
1 -000 00 
1-000 00 
1-000 00 
, » 
0 42 
0 38 
0 43 
0 44 
0 35 
0 36 
0 33 
10 
1 10 
1 05 
1 14 
1 15 
0 98 
1 01 
0 95 
15 
[2 04 
200 
2 07 
2 09 
1 92 
1 91 
1 85 
20 
3 20 
3 20 
3 25 
3 27 
3 17 
3 07 
3 01 
25 
4 56 
4 57 
4 64 
4 66 
4 62 
4 44 
4 36 
30 
S<A determined. 
6 09 
6 20 
6 23 
6 26 
5 97 
5 86 
I i ■ deductions from this Table III. need hardly be expressed in words. I satisfy 
my-. If with pointing out that, on its allowing, Hubbard’s assumption that the variations 
m salinity whi«-h «»n-ur in «.<•■ an-wat< r do not < ■ 1 1 - i My ; i ! f« • < • t the law of thermic expan- 
cannot l»f admitted to hold g 1 with a sulih-iuii degree of approximation. 
K man - Water D, in salinity, stands about mid-way between the least and the most 
• n< o 1 Challenger v. it besides falls fairly within the area of the experiments of 
all the four obeervei referred to. I have, therefore, selected it in calculating the follow- 
ing 'I l\ the valut - y which have to be added to, or subtracted from, 
1 ■ [ y .'»t 15 56 C. 60 F. (Mr. Buchanan’s standard temperature), to find 
f • fie gravity at 0 . 5° . . . 30° C. According to my calculation, after Ekman’s 
: ■ nts, we have 19*89, 4 S 1!; . 6fl = 1 025*96, and (taking the expansion from Ekman’s 
tabic) 4 8 0 = 1028*17. 
headed I — b. E— D, II - D, T — E, show, in a very obvious sense, by 
a , h th* tw»» of. rv. i- refem-d to by their initials differ from each other in their 
vahie for y at the given temperature. 
