134 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
Table II. — continued. 
The Alkalinity ranges. 
S stands for the number of the Station, 8 the depth in fathoms at which the 
Sample was taken, B stands for “ bottom.” 
V. from 0 1 560 to <>159* 
8 50 B. B. B. B. B. B. B. B. 
S 160 1 7 102 137 143 158 171a 179 
8= B. B. B. 
S 222 285 302 
VL From 0 1 600 to 0 1 639. 
8= 300 B. B. B. 
S 294 136 146 204 
VII. /Yom 0-1640 to 0-1679. 
8=0 0 B. 
S 1 153 97 
VIII. From 0-1680 to 0-1719. 
8= B. B. B. 
S 191a 193 204 
IX. Over 0 1 720. 
Alkalinity = 0-1731 0 1888 0-2079 
8 B. 300 50 
S 152 240 198 
The table did not reveal to me any relation between the alkalinity of a sea-water and 
the r< gem of the ocean from which it comes; but a glance at it very forcibly suggested 
that, in (jem nd, bottom-waters are more strongly alkaline than those from the surface or 
from small depths. 
To make sure of this conclusion, 1 arranged the waters into three classes, namely: — 
1. “ Sur filer -waters” meaning waters from depths less than 101 fathoms. 
II. Waters, not bottom- waters, from greater depths. 
1 1 1. Bottom -waters. 
? eoll. rt. d tie- ejiscs where we are in a position to compare the alkalinity (b) at 
the bottom with that (s) at a depth not ex.-mling 100 fathoms at the same Station, 
. h !• 1 to the following series of numbers for the difference in alkalinity (b — s) 
b tween the corresponding bottom and “surface” waters. 
