REPORT ON THE COMPOSITION OF OCEAN-WATER. 
215 
Since the Norwegian method of alkalinity determination was not invented before 
the setting out of the Challenger Expedition, only those 27 of Mr. Buchanan’s 195 
samples which appear in my list of alkalinities are susceptible of a precise interpretation. 
The following table gives : — 
The Loose Carbonic Acid in 27 Challenger Waters , as determined by Mr. 
Buchanan in the freshly drawn samples by his own method , contrasted with the 
alkalinity according to Dittmar. 
In Column I. bottom waters are designated by a “ B,” surface waters by an £i S” ; for 
intermediate waters the depth in fathoms whence the water came is given. Column V. , under 
“ C0 2 -deficit,” gives the weight of supplementary carbonic acid which the carbonate present 
in a litre of water requires to become bicarbonate. 
A negative deficit, of course, means an excess of carbonic acid present over and 
above that combined in the bicarbonate. 
C0 2 present per litre 
C0 2 
Deficit. 
s. 
Chall. No. 
as R 2 C0. 3 . 
Besides. 
Dittmar. 
Buchanan. 
B. 
21 
55-9 
40-0 
15-9 
B. 
66 
55-5 
57-0 
-1-5 
B. 
120 
55-0 
4-7-2 
■ 7-8 
S. 
265 
57'2 
59-1 
-1-9 
1000 
283 
53-2 
55-6 
-2-4 
B. 
353 
58-2 
5.9-5 
- 1-3 
B. 
378 
61-6 
67-9 
-6-3 
B. 
383 
53-9 
95-9 
-42-0 
( Corrected by C0 2 
( in boiled-out air. 
B. 
[556] 
57-4 
43-4 
14-0 
400 
594 
53-6 
40-0 
13-6 
B.: 
791 
55 T 
31-2 
23-9 
B. 
912 
54'6 
35-3 
19-3 
B. 
1221 
57T 
45-6 
11-5 
B. 
1300 
54-4 
47-5 
6-9 
50 
678 
51-9 
29-8 
22-1 
B. 
1270 
54-0 
46-4 
7-6 
B. 
1313 
53-8 
44-7 
9-1 
50 
1356 
5D6 
50-4 
1-2 
B. 
1388 
56-4 
55-6 
0-8 
B. 
1405 
51-7 
45-1 
6-6 
B. 
1438 
51T 
51-2 
-o-i 
B. 
1494 
54-8 
43-0 
11-8 
S. 
1573 
54-2 
34-8 
19-4 
S. 
1581 
55-0 
38-2 
16-8 
s. 
1687 
54-5 
37-3 
17-2 
B (1) 
1697 
55-8 
36-8 
19-0 
400 
1707 
52-9 
38-7 
14-2 
