< 226 
Yorkshire Naturalists at Clitheroe. 
ribs, near the umbilicus, after which up to 15 mm. diameter the test 
ornament consists of thin distant riblets (about 1 mm. apart), extending 
rather wavily about half-way up the lateral area, where they die out, to 
reappear again, though less prominently, on the low spiral ridge at the 
latero-dorsal angle, where they bend sharply forward in a nose, and 
back again obscurely over the periphery. The species is evidently very 
Close to tovnquisti of Wolterstorff,* but the present species appears hardly 
to have such clear and regular striae as tovnquisti, though this may be a 
matter of state of preservation. 
It appears desirable to adopt a distinctive name for this lower form, 
and in future communications it will be referred to as pseudo -bilingue. 
The species is common in the Bowland Shales at Pendle Hill, Dinckley 
Hall, Thornley Beck near Chipping, Lothersdale, and Eastby Beck, 
Embsay, but is better preserved at Pendle Hill than elsewhere. 
The vertical thickness of rocks between pseudo -bilingue and bilingue 
is in Lancashire perhaps 3000 feet. 
On this excursion the beds on Pendle Hill and at Thornley Beck, 
near Chipping, were also examined, and a closely similar lithological 
and palaeontological succession observed to that seen at Dinckley, though 
the lower ( cvenistria ) beds were not well exposed. Both at Pendle Hill 
and at Thornley Beck thin sandstones (the Pendleside Grit) occur in or 
about the spiv ale zone. 
It was observed that goniatites of the cvenistvia and sphaevicum groups 
continue to occur above the typical spiv ale zone, nearly up to the first 
■occurrence of p seudo -bilingue . At Eastby Beck, Embsay, the same 
ranging upwards of cvenistvia has also been observed, and it is probably 
general . 
Considerable variation occurs in the sutures, thickness of whorl, and 
size of umbilicus of Goniatites cvenistvia as seen from different localities, 
and the variations may have time value. 
A new marine horizon was found by Mr. Holmes on the west side of 
the valley of Ogden Clough, east of Little Mearly Clough, on Pendle Hill. 
Here are fugitive exposures of clay shale containing Posidoniella, and a 
coal smut. 
Ganister and coarse grit blocks are frequent on the surface in the 
neighbourhood, and probably form the base of the marine band. One 
block of ganister contained brachiopods, and was probably of local origin. 
The classic 'quarry of Black Hall, near Chipping, which -furnished 
the material for many of Phillips' types, was examined. The quarry, 
which is in highly inclined beds of alternating limestone and shale, 
presumed to be equivalent to the upper part of the Pendleside Limestone, 
has been for many years disused, and the fossiliferous bullion bands, 
which apparently occurred in the shales capping the limestones, are not 
now visible. 
A highly fossiliferous goniatite bullion was, however, found in the 
quarry wall, and the cottager kindly gave us a beautiful specimen of 
implicatuvn extracted from the spoil heaps. 
The best thanks of the Geological Section are due to Rev. G. 
Waddington for his courtesy in placing his information on these beds 
at our disposal, for his active guidance in the field, and for his hospitality 
at Stonyhurst College, where the members of the party were shewn the 
extensive geological collections and given tea. 
The members also had the stimulus and advantage of the presence 
in the field of Mr. W. B. Wright, Director of H.M. Geological Survey of 
Lancashire; Mr. J. Spencer, F.G.S.y ’of Accrington; and friends from 
Blackburn and Accrington. 
* Das Untercarbon von Magdeburg-Neustadt und seine Fauna Taf II., 
figs. 12, 13, 14 — Jahrbuch d. Konigl. Preuss. geolog. Landesanst. u. 
Bergakad., 1898. 
Naturalist 
