346 Geography at the British Association. 
is a subject of direct interest and value to him in his daily 
life/ 
In her customary able way, Dr. Newbegin proceeded to 
prove that the relations of geographical facts to each other 
and to the life of man are far more likely to achieve the 
desired end than the pure study of geographical facts. Certain 
points were taken showing the human response to surface 
phenomena and to environmental conditions ; this response 
is communal, not individual. These points were connected 
up with the development of civilisation in Europe and the 
margins of the adjacent continents — a development which 
proceeded from three successive foci, each based on well- 
marked and distinctive geographical conditions — 
(1) The River-valley type ; 
(2) The Mediterranean type ; 
(3) The Forest type of Central Europe. 
From these facts Dr. Newbegin worked out her conclusion 
that * human geography is the biology of man, and on account 
of man’s vast power of modifying his environment, necessitates 
a fuller knowledge of that environment than can be required 
of the biologist in the narrower sense.’ Hence : ‘ Investi- 
gations along these lines would promote greatly the interests 
of Geography as a whole, both by making clear to the general 
public its value, and in justifying that intensive study of the 
surface relief and the associated phenomena which must 
always remain its basis.’ 
The Section was honoured by the presence throughout 
the week of Miss Semple, an American visitor, whose opening 
paper reflected much research. Another paper which proved 
extremely interesting was that of Dr. Cornish. 
The only excursion arranged for the Section was to Spurn 
Point, on the Friday afternoon, under the leadership of the 
Local Sectional Secretary. A map showing coast erosion 
and a sheet furnishing data, copied from Mr. T. Sheppard’s 
book, ‘ The Lost Towns of the Yorkshire Coast,’ had been 
specially prepared for each member of the party. The time 
available did not permit the four-mile walk along the Spit to 
the extreme Point, but the party enjoyed a pleasant drive by 
chama-banc to Kilnsea, returning by Withernsea, where a 
welcome and delightful tea was provided at the Queen’s Hotel. 
: o : 
C. B. Moffatt writes on the ‘ Habits of the Long-eared Bat,’ and 
Hilderic Friend on ‘ Irish Enchytraeids in the Faroes/ in The Irish 
Naturalist for October. 
W. G. Sheldon writes on ‘ The Present Value of the Principal Works 
on the Palaearctic Lepidoptera,’ and W. J . Lucas on ‘ David Sharp ’ (with 
portrait) in The Entomologist for October. 
Naturalist 
