384 
Yorkshire Naturalists in Bishopdale. 
followed down to West Burton. Rarely, in Yorkshire, does one see 
growing so luxuriantly, masses of pyramid orchis, spotted orchis and 
twayblade as were seen in the lower swampy hollows of Waldendale, 
and this sight alone was voted worth the journey. 
The final excursion, to Foss Gill, was rendered difficult, and indeed 
curtailed, by rain. Undoubtedly, this Gill is one of the beauty spots 
of the Dales, although comparatively little known. Its series of water- 
falls is particularly fine, one of them being almost of the magnitude of 
Hardraw Sc?ur. Another is shown in the accompanying photograph, 
which conveys some idea of the beauty of this Gill. The geologists 
appeared to be particularly happy here, and a longer day could have been 
well filled. 
The Excursion closed with a Meeting at Headquarters, under the 
Chairmanship of the President (Dr. T. W. Woodhead). Sectional 
Reports were read and votes of thanks were accorded to landowners who 
had given facilities for going over their estates, and to Mr. Hartshorn and 
our member, the Rev. W. K. Wyley, whose knowledge of the district 
proved an asset in the success of the Excursions. 
Geology (W. S. Bisat). — The small gills at the side of the dale 
afford sections from the undivided limestone at the base up to the Middle 
Limestone, above which are partial exposures in the shales above the 
Middle Limestone, and fine scars of the Underset and Main Limestones. 
The best section in the lower beds is that of Foss Gill, other gills 
containing large quantities of boulder clay. 
A band of septarian nodules in shales a few feet above the Middle 
Limestone was seen several times, and is probably constant over the 
area. The exterior of the nodules weathers deep red and makes this 
band noticeable. It is about on the horizon of Phillips' Impure 
Productus Limestone, and the shales adjoining are very fossiliferous . 
Search was made at this horizon for goniatites, but only one small 
specimen (belonging to the genus Muensteroceras) was noticed. 
Phillips records goniatites from the shales under the Upper Scar 
Limestones (Main and Underset) at Fountains Fell, and near Hawes 
(‘ Geology of the Mountain Limestone District,’ pp. 48, 61, 185). He 
referred the specimens to Goniatites sphericum and striatum, which 
occur in Craven low down in the Bowland Shales, above the Pendleside 
Limestone. It is hoped that these goniatite -yielding beds in the Yoredale 
Series may again be located, and the goniatites compared with those of 
Craven . 
Bryology. — -The bryological flora of Bishopdale proved to be 
very interesting when contrasted with that of Coverdale, and a list of 
the more noteworthy species by Messrs. C. A. Cheetham and W. H. 
Burrell appears in this number of The Naturalist, together with some 
ecological observations and notes on water hardness. 
Mycology. — The My co logical Committee was represented by 
Messrs-. A. E. Peck, Greevz Fysher, J. Ackroyd and the writer. The 
latter remained in the district for a fortnight, and species collected 
during that time are included in the list. Prof. J. H. Priestley brought 
in a good number of species of both fungi and mycetozoa, and Mr. W. P 
Winter collected specimens of Uredines and other parasitic fungi 
producing galls, or galled appearances, on plants, which are also included. 
There are no previous records of the fungi of Bishopdale. 
One of the most interesting ‘ finds ’ was Onygena equina in abundance . 
It was first collected on old sheep’s horn by Mr. Wyley, and it afterwards 
turned up several times on pieces of hprn lying about on the moors. 
The dominant tree in the dale is Ash, and on this the following 
species were observed. 
On living trees : — 
Pholiota squarrosa Daldinia concentrica (Bolt.) Ces. et de Not. 
Crepidotus mollis Nectria ditissima Tul. 
Naturalist 
