586 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER, 
Indies, Canaries, and Azores, but also at the Kermadec Islands, South Pacific, off Volcano 
Island in the North Pacific, and on the coast of Japan. Neptunus sayi, A. M.-E., was 
taken on weed only in the western North Atlantic and south of Nova Scotia 
(Station 49). Plagusia immctculata, Lamarck, and Varuna litterata , Fabr., occurred 
in abundance on floating driftwood north of New Guinea, on the 22nd February 1875 ; 
but the two latter are not strictly pelagic species. 1 
“ Atlantic Region. — Little need be said respecting the Braehyura taken in the Atlantic. 
The species collected at the Bermudas, Azores, and Cape Verde Islands are somewhat 
numerous, but are for the most part littoral and shallow- water forms. No Bracliyurous 
Crustacean occurred at any of the deep-water stations in the North Atlantic except the 
carapace of a small swimming crab allied to Bathynectes, which was dredged off the 
Bermudas in 435 fathoms (Station 33), and Heterocrypta maltzani, Miers, in 450 fathoms, 
off Fayal (Station 75). Of a dozen littoral or shallow- water species collected at the 
Cape Verde Islands, several are common West Indian forms. At St. Paul’s Bocks, 
besides the common and very widely distributed Grapsus maculatus (Catesby), the 
only crab taken was a new species of Stenorhynchus {Stenorhynchus spinifer), distin- 
guished from all its congeners by the strongly developed supra-ocular and post-ocular 
spines (depth, 10 to 80 fathoms). 
“At Ascension Island, which H.M.S. Challenger visited on the homeward voyage, 
occurred the Land Crab ( Gecarcinus lagostoma ) referred to by Mr. Moseley 2 as 
swarming everywhere on the island ; the common Grapsus maculatus (Catesby) and 
Pseuclozius mellissi, Miers, received with the fishes of H.M.S. Challenger and described 
in 1881. 3 
“ The Braehyura collected at Fernando Noronha (7 to 20 fathoms) are few in 
number, and for the most part belong to genera common at the West Indian Islands 
and on the South American coasts: they include species of Pericera, Macrocoslomcc, 
Mithracidus, and Mithrax. There is also in the collection a small Crab, apparently 
referable to the rare Floridan Apocremnus septemspinosus, A. M.-E. The localities on 
the Brazilian coast at which Braehyura were collected are Barra Grande (Station 122) 
in 30 to 350 fathoms, and Bahia in shallow water; I may particularly mention the 
occurrence at the former locality of the remarkable Neptunus ( Hellenics ) spinicarpus 
(Stimpson), characterised by the extraordinary development of the carpal spine of the 
chelipedes, and also a very interesting variety ( oculiferus ) of the West Indian deep- 
water Bathyplax typhlus, A. M.-E., in which the ocular corneas, although small, are dis- 
tinctly developed. Milne-Edwards’ types, it is to be noted, were dredged in deeper water. 
“At the Tristan da Cunha group (Nightingale Island), in 100 fathoms, occurred a new 
1 Cf. H. N. Moseley, Notes by a Naturalist on the Challenger, p. 434, London, 1879. 
2 Loc. cit., p. 561. 
3 Ann. ancl Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. viii. p. 432, 1881. 
