716 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
also used (see fig. 244), and stake nets, lines of stakes for which are conspicuous objects 
just off the shore near the villages. 
The fish-hooks are made of Trochus shell, all in one piece, and 
are of a simple hooked form without a barb (see fig. 245). The 
natives did not seem to care for steel fish-hooks, and apparently did 
not, at first at least, understand their use. It is possible that they 
have never found out the plan of using bait on a hook. Apparently 
all Polynesian and Melanesian fish-hooks are of the nature of artificial 
baits of bright nacre, imitating small fry in the water. If the 
natives did not understand the use of baits, it is no wonder that 
they despised European fish-hooks. 
The tool in most constant use by the natives is a small adze, 
consisting of a natural crook of wood on which is bound a Terebra maculata shell ground 
down until only one lateral half of it remains. Such small shell adzes were abundant 
enough even at this time, but in most cases the shell had been replaced on the handle 
Fjg. 245. — Admiralty Island 
Fish-hook made of Trochus 
shell. 
Fig 246. — Admiralty Island Adze, with blade of 
Terebra maculata shell. 
Fig. 247. — Admiralty Island Adze in which 
the blade of Terebra shell has been 
replaced by one of hoop iron. 
by a piece of hoop iron. Almost every man carried one of these small adzes hung on 
his left shoulder. From the houses large adze blades made of Tridacna and Hippopus 
shells were obtained somewhat resembling those from the Caroline Islands, but very 
roughly made indeed, only the actual edge being ground (see fig. 248). None were seen 
