774 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
Station 199 . 
Organisms from 
8crfacr-Nrtb. 
Density at 60° F. : — 
Surface, .... 1-02545 200 fathoms, . . . 1-02570 
50 fathoms, . . . 1-02591 Bottom, .... 1 ‘02535 
100 „ . . . 1-02589 
Depth, 2G00 fathoms ; deposit, Volcanic Mud, containing no carbonate of lime (see 
Murray and Renard, Deep-Sea Deposits Chall. Exp.). 
* 
At daylight observed the high land of Mindanao Island on the starboard bow. 
At 7.45 a.m. stopped to sound. At 8 a.m. sounded in 2600 fathoms. Obtained serial 
temperatures down to 300 fathoms. The carbonic acid was determined in bottom water, 
and amounted to 524 milligrammes per litre. At 11.20 a.m. completed observations and 
proceeded under steam, there being hardly any breeze. While sounding in the morning a 
lioat was lowered for surface collecting. At 10 p.m. observed land on the port bow, the 
summit of Mount Matanae, Basilan Island. Several swallows were seen about the ship, 
apparently in an exhausted condition, and two were caught with the hand. 
Sibago Island distant at noon, 90 miles. Made good 103 miles. 
Surface Organisms. — The following species are recorded from the surface at this 
Station : — 
Schjzopoda (Sars, Zool. pt. 37). 
Anchialus pusillus, n.sp. 
Tunicata (Herdman, Zool. pt. 76). 
Scdpa democratica-mucronata, 
Forsk&hl. 
Mr. Murray went away in the dingey while sounding, and found the whole sea filled 
with Algae, presenting the appearance of minutely-chopped hay when looked at with the 
water-glass. These Oscillatoriaceae w r ere of various kinds, the most abundant being a 
curled or sinuous variety, while some were quite straight, about half an inch in length, 
and others assumed the form of stars and faggots. There were also small masses of 
transparent j'-lly-like matter of various shapes, mostly spherical or cylindrical, containing 
inside small Diatoms like Navicula, Coccospheres, Rhabdospheres, and small Polycystinaj, 
and frequently attached to the outside the above-mentioned forms of Oscillatoriacem and 
other fon ign bodies, including some Infusoria. These jelly or colloid masses rendered 
the tow-net quite sticky, as though covered with a coating of thin glue ; they were 
generally about the size of peas, reminding one of the email bodies observed on February 
17 in the South Indian Ocean. These organisms seemed to extend as far down as could 
be seen with the water-glass, and no animals were noticed moving about. In the tow- 
net sent down from the ship to a depth of 60 or 80 fathoms, however, were a great many 
things and few of these Algse, which would therefore seem to be more or less confined to 
