62 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
The oesophagus was short, with fine longitudinal folds on the inner surface. The 
stomach large, 8 mm. long, about 4 mm. in diameter, lying on the upper side of the 
posterior end of the bulbus pharyngeus and of the anterior genital mass, the hinder portion 
covered by the angle of the gut. The inside of the stomach had longitudinal folds ; into 
the hinder portion opens the short wide bile duct. The intestine beside this latter 
perforates the liver and runs in a fine groove on its surface, forms an angle, and is then 
directed towards the foot, and runs finally to the anal papilla along a superficial groove 
in the liver. The inside of the intestine has fine longitudinal folds. The length of the 
intestine was 2'5 cm., the diameter from l‘5-2 - 5 mm. The contents of the whole 
alimentary tract were a soft mass, which appeared to consist mainly of Bryozoa (reminding 
one of Crisidia, Milne-Ed wards). 
The liver is nearly heart-shaped, with the broad end directed anteriorly ; two facets 
are formed upon it by the anterior genital mass, and from about the middle beneath and 
somewhat to the right, arises the main bile duct ; the hinder portion is rounded ; the 
circumference is also rounded, the under side only a little flattened. On the upper side 
is the shallow furrow for the first portion of the intestine ; on the right side, anteriorly, 
is the obliquely-directed furrow of the hinder portion of the intestine, running upwards, 
and ending in the neighbourhood of its appearance on the surface of the liver. The 
colour of the liver substance is dirty yellowish ; the upper surface, owing to the presence 
of the hermaphrodite gland, is clearer. The length of the organ is 1 cm., the breadth and 
height (of the anterior portion) about 9 mm. Its cavity is wide ; on the walls are fine, 
generally perpendicular, folds ; beneath the main bile duct, and on the right, is a broad 
round bile opening ; on the lower wall are several smaller openings. The contents of the 
liver were the same as those of the rest of the alimentary tract. The gcdl-bladder was 
on the right side of the pylorus, dirty yellow in colour, about 4 mm. high. 
The pericardium was situated at the anterior end of the liver, resting on the gut. 
The ventricle of the heart measured 2 - 5 mm. in length; the atrium very large. The 
blood gland lies behind the central nervous system, and somewhat obliquely upon the 
stomach; it is strongly flattened, and has a greatest diameter of about 4 mm. ; it is lobulate 
at the margin and whitish in colour. 
The renal syrinx is yellowish- white, about 1 mm. long, and pear-shaped. The urinary 
chamber and the kidney appeared to resemble those of the typical species. 1 
The hermaphrodite gland clothes the liver all round with a thinnish layer, about 
•3 mm. thick, being absent only at the anterior part of the hinder visceral mass in the 
region of the bile duct ; it is yellowish-white in colour, and has the usual structure, the 
small yellowish ovarian follicles covering the greyish testicular follicles ; the gonoblasts 
are ripe. The hermaphrodite duct takes its origin above the main bile duct; it is 
thickish, and rapidly dilates into the ampulla. — The whitish anterior genital mass is 
1 Bergh, loc. cit., p. 634. 
