88 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGES. 
13’5 mm. in length, the diameter before and behind is nearly l‘5-'2 mm., whilst in the 
middle it increases to 5 mm.; numerous strong longitudinal folds on the inside. The 
oesophagus passes into the posterior part of the stomach lying to the right (tig. 10, a); 
the roundish opening of the biliary duct lies beside the cardia. The sac-shaped stomach 
is 8 mm. long and 5 mm. in diameter ; the inside has strong longitudinal folds. The 
intestine (fig. 10, h) arises from the anterior end of the stomach, forms, as usual, an 
angle resting on the upper side of the oesophagus and of the anterior genital mass, and 
then runs almost in a straight line to the anal papilla. The entire length of the 
intestine came to nearly 2 ‘8 cm., the diameter to from 2 ’5-1 ‘75 mm..; the inside with a 
number of longitudinal folds which passed above into the folds of the stomach. The 
scanty contents of the digestive cavity were a soft mass of indeterminable animal remains. 
The posterior visceral mass (liver) is nearly 1’8 cm. long, and 1 cm. broad, and ‘9 
cm. high in the middle. The upper side slopes obliquely before and behind, with a 
broad furrow, which is occupied by the renal chamber, on the right margin is a superficial 
furrow for the intestine. The anterior half of the under and of the right side is very much 
flattened (by the anterior genital mass) ; the anterior end having a broad submedial cleft 
for the stomach, the posterior end rounded. The lower side, which the hermaphrodite 
gland does not clothe, was greyish, and the substance, for the most part, greyish-yellow. 
The cavity is rather narrow, with the usual openings. The gall-bladder lies to the right 
below the stomach, and falls obliquely downwards ; it is nearly 4 mm. long, pyriform, 
yellowish in colour, apparently opening into the biliary duct ; the inside is set with 
thick papillae in rows, the neck smooth. 
The pericardium is elongated, 1 2 mm. long by 8 mm. broad. The yellowish ventricle' 
of the heart 4 mm. long. The blood glands (fig. 1 , dd) pass one into the other on 
the upper side of the central nervous system. They are altogether 7 mm. long, 
yellowish-white ; the upper side is more convex and smooth, the lower side less smooth 
and flatter ; the margins lobed ; the posterior is swollen out into a small process towards 
the front on the lower side of the pleural ganglia. 
The urinary chamber is wide, measuring as much a,s 6 ‘5 mm. in breadth behind, and 
becoming narrower in front; the anterior end extending as a smooth, thin- walled csecal 
sac, nearly 7 mm. long to 2'25 mm. broad, between the stomach and the intestine (fig. 10, c). 
The walls of the renal chamber show the usual openings, which are wider towards the 
back of the chamber and against the median line. The whitish-yellow renal syrinx , 
which is almost cylindrical, nearly 5 mm. long and 2 mm. in diameter, appears to open 
immediately into the renal chamber ; the folds on the inside are rather thick and less 
numerous. The renal substance the same as usual. 
The hermaphrodite gland is a thin, loosely connected whitish-yellow layer, covering 
the upper side of the posterior visceral mass as far as around its rounded margins, and also 
the upper part of the anterior end ; there are large oogene cells and zoosperms in the lobes. 
