52 
THE VOYAGE OE H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
“ Further measurements of numbers 8 and 9. — 8, girth of chest with arms held up, 36 ; 9, girth of 
chest, 33. Breadth of foot just behind origin of toes 14J. Girth at umbilicus, 30. Bound buttocks, 34. 
“Two heights of adult men taken by me, 68 and 60J inches. 
“ The measurements of the legs were taken from the great trochanter of the femur to the sole of 
the foot. Those of the breadth from tip to tip of clavicles. Those of the hand from the inner 
margin of the palm to the tips of the middle finger. Those of the forehead from the root of the nose 
to the commencement of the hair. The chest girth measurements were taken with the arms upheld. 
“ Average specimens were selected by von W. Sulim as far as possible. The mean height of the 
men, as will be seen from the table, is about 5 feet 5 inches. Whilst the tallest man measured was 
5 feet 8 inches, and an unusually short one only a fraction over 5 feet, the mean height of the women 
is 5 feet 1 inch. 
“ It is difficult, and possibly of little value, to compare the measurements here obtained with those 
given in the Anthropological part of the ‘Novara’ publications, vol. iii., since the methods of measurement 
differ widely. I have, however, by adding together the lengths there given separately for fingers, 
hand, forearm, and arm, and treating this as the length of the arm, obtained the ratio of the length of 
the body to the length of the arm in several races, and compared it with the similar ratios in the case 
of the Admiralty Islanders, using the averages of the measurements where available. The results are 
shown in the following table: — 
Measurements in Millimetres. 
Height. 
Length of Arm. 
Ratio of Height to 
Length of Arm. 
New Zealanders, men, 
1757 
859 
2-04 
Australian men, 
1675 
819 
2-04 
Australian women, 
1596 
770 
2-07 
Tahitian women, 
1614 
772 
2'09 
German men, 
1680 
789 
2-1 
German women, 
1544 
713 
24 
Admiralty Island men, 
1646 
711 
2-30 
Admiralty Island women, 
1549 
660 
2-30 
“ Whence it appears that the Admiralty Islanders are short armed. 
“ The race is of average height, but the weight is, as usual with savages, below that of Europeans ; 
126 lbs (nine stone), as compared with 150 lbs, about the weight of an average Englishman. The 
natives contrasted at first glance with the Papuans of Humboldt Bay in being far thinner and 
lankier. I saw but one native that was at all fleshy, although such were not uncommon at Humboldt 
Bay. The usual colour of the natives is a black-brown, often very dark, and darker than that of the 
Papuans of Humboldt Bay. The young girls and young boys appear much lighter as a rule than the 
adults. Some one or two of the younger women were of a quite light yellowish-brown, as was also 
one young man who came from a distance to the ship to trade. I saw no old women who were light 
coloured. 
“ The arms and legs of the men are covered with a short, sparse, curly black hair, which appears as 
