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or place hereafter by treaty \vith other powers, or with tbe United States, opened to commerce ; and to reside 
■with tieir families and trade tliere, and to proceed at pleasure witb their vessels and merchandise from any of 
these ports to any other of them. But said vessels shall not carry on a clandestine and frandulent trade at other 
ports of China not declared to be legal, or along the coasts thereof; and any vessel under the American flag 
violating this provision shall with her cargo, be subject to confiscation to the Chinese government; and any 
Citizen of the United States who shall trade in any contraband article of merchandise shall be subject to be dealt 
with by the Chinese government, without being entitled to any countenance or protection from that of the 
United States ; and the United States will take measures to prevent their flag from being abused by the subjects of 
other nations as a cover for the violation of the laws of the Empire. 
Art. XV. At each of the ports open to commerce, citizens of the United States shall be permitted to import 
from abroad, and seil, purchase, and export all merchandise of which the importation is not prohibited by the 
laws of the empire. The tariff of duties to be paid by citizens of the United States, on the export and import 
goods from and into China, shall be the same as was agreed upon at the treaty of Wanghia, except so far as it 
may be modified by treaties with other nations, it being expressly agree4 that citizens of the United States shall 
never pay higher duties than those paid by the most favoured nation. 
Art. XVI. Tonnage duties shall be paid on every merchant vessel belonging to the United States entering 
either of the open ports, at the rate of four mace per ton of fifty cubic feet, if she be over one hundred 
and fifty tons bürden; and one mace per ton of forty cubic feet, if she be of the bürden of one hundred and 
fifty tons or under, according to the tonnage specified in the register ; which, with her other papers, shall, on 
her arrival, be lodged with the Consul, who shall report the same to the eommissioner of customs. And if any 
vessel, having paid tonnage duty at one port, shall go to any other port to complete the disposal of her cargo 
or, being in bailast, to purchase an entire or fill up an incomplete cargo, the eonsul shall report the same to 
the eommissioner of customs, who shall note on the port clearance that the tonnage duties have been paid and 
report the circumstances to the collectors at the other custom-houses ; in which case, the said vessel shall only 
pay duty on her cargo, and not be charged with tonnage duty a second time. The collectors of customs at the 
open ports shall consult with the consuls about the erection of the beacons or light-houses, and where buoys and 
light-ships should be placed. 
Art. XVII. Citizens of the United States shall be allowed to engage pilots to take their yessels into port, 
and when the lawful duties have all been paid, take them out of port. It shall be lawful for them to hire at 
pleasure servants, compradors, linguists, writers, labourers, seamen, and persons for whatever necessary service, with 
passage or cargoboats, for a reasonable compensation, to be agreed upon by the pirates or determined by the consul. 
Art. XVIII. Whenever merchant vessels of the United States shall enter a port, the collector of customs 
shall, if he see fit, appoint customhouse officers to guard said vessels, who may live on board the sliip or their 
own boats, at their convenience. The local autliorities of the Chinese government shall cause to be apprehen- 
ded all mutineers or deserters from on board the vessels of the United States in China on being informed by 
the consul, and will deliver them up to the consuls or other officers for punishment. And if criminals, subjects 
of China, take refuge in the houses or on board the vessels of citizens of the United States, they shall not be 
harboured or concealed, but shall be delivered up to justice on due requisition by the Chinese local officers, 
addressed to those of the United States. But merchants, seamen, and other citizens of the United States shall 
be under the superintendence of the appropriate officers of their government. If individuals of either nation commit 
acts of violence or disorder, use arms to the injury of others, or create disturbances endangering life, the officers of 
the two governments will exert themselves to enforce Order and to maintain the public peace, by doing impartial 
justice in the premises. 
Art. XIX. Whenever a merchant vessel belonging to the United States shall cast anchor in either of the said 
ports, the supercargo, master, or consignee, shall, within forty-eight hours, deposit the ship’s papers in the hands 
of the consul or person charged with bis functions, who shall cause to be communicated to the Superintendent of 
customs a true report of the name and tonnage of such vessel; the number of her crew, and the nature of her cargo, 
which being done he shall give a permit for her discharge. And the master, supercargo or consignee, if he proceed 
to discharge the cargo without such permit, shall incur a fine of five hundred dollars, and the goods so discharged 
Novara-Expedition. Statistisch-commercieller Theil. II. Bd. 0 
