REPORT ON THE BRACHYURA. 
265 
Varuna, Milne Edwards. 
Varuna, Milne Edwards, Diet. Class. d’Hist. Nat., vol. xvi. p. 511, 1830; Hist. Nat. Crust., 
vol. ii. p. 94, 1837; Ann. d. Sci. Nat., ser. 3, Zool., vol. xx. p. 176, 1853. 
,, Kingsley, Proc. Acad, Nat. Sci. Philad., p. 205, 1S80. 
Tricliopus, de Haan (subgenus), Crust, in v. Siebold, Fauna Japonica, decas ii. p. 32, 1835. 
This genus is nearly allied to Pseudograpsus, but may be distinguished as follows : — 
The front and the antero-lateral teeth of the carapace are more prominent ; the front 
nearly horizontal. The branchial regions of the carapace are laterally defined by a 
granulated line. The orbits are much deeper, and are widely open below. The exognath 
of the exterior maxillipedes (although rather broad) is much less developed. The 
chelipedes (in the male) are subequal and somewhat more slender ; carpus with a spine 
on its interior surface. The fifth to the seventh joints of the ambulatory legs are ciliated, 
compressed, and somewhat dilated and adapted for swimming. 
This genus contains but a single species, Varuna litterata, which occurs commonly 
throucdiout the Indo-Pacific region. 
O O 
Varuna litterata (Fabricius). 
Cancer litteratus, Fabricius, Entom. Syst. Suppl., p. 342, 1798. 
Varuna litterata, Milne Edwards, Diet. Class. d’Hist. Nat,, vol. xvi. p. 511, 1830; Hist. Nat. 
Crust., Vol. ii. p. 95, pi. xiv. his, fig. 8, 1837 ; Ann. d. Sci. Nat, tom. cit., 
p. 176, 1853. 
„ ,, Dana, U.S. Explor. Exped., vol. xiii., Crust., p. 336, pi. xx. fig. 8, 1S52. 
,, ,, Kingsley, tom. cit., p. 205, 1880, and references to literature. 
Philippines, Pasananca, Mindanao, in the rivers (a male) ; north coast of New 
Guinea (three males and three females) ; Banda, fresh water (a young male). 
In these specimens the frontal margin is perfectly straight, and is less rounded at the 
lateral angles than is usual in the genus. 
The colour (in spirit) is a deep chocolate- brown ; on either side of the gastric region 
and in front of the branchial regions are three or four yellow spots. 
Lines. Millims. 
Length of carapace, nearly ...... 21 44 
Breadth of carapace, . . . . . . . 23|- 50 
Epigrapsus, Heller. 
Epigrapsus, Heller, Yerhandl. d. k. k. zool.-bot. Gesellsch. Wien, vol. xii. p. 522, 1862. 
„ Kingsley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., p. 192, 1880. 
Nedograpsus, Heller, Crust, in Reise der “Novara,” p. 56, 1865. 
Carapace depressed, smooth and polished on the dorsal surface, nearly quadrate, with 
the antero-lateral angles rounded and entire. Front of moderate width, deflexed ; no 
(zool. chall. exp. — PART xlix. — 1886.) Ccc 34 
