IV 
THE YOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
stomatous types existed in Palaeozoic times ;” 1 although in the Mesozoic and Tertiary strata 
fossil Cheilostomata are numerous. The palaeontological evidence as to the antiquity 
of the Cyclostomata is fully confirmed and strengthened by the embryological researches 
that have recently been so carefully and accurately made by various authors ; for instance 
M. Barrois 2 says that the study of the structure of the larva and of the formation of 
the cell coincides with palaeontology in furnishing us with perfectly concordant results, 
which are conclusive as to the antiquity of the Cyclostomata. Many of the species even 
have a wide distribution in time, for out of the thirty-three included in this collection, 
fourteen have already been identified in the fossil state. 
No fossil forms belonging either to the Ctenostomata or to the Entoproctan Polyzoa 
have hitherto been identified, but Mr. Vine has thrown out a hint, in a paper on 
Ascodictyon , 3 that perhaps Ascodictyon JUiforme may be a primitive representative of 
the stoloniferous Vesiculariadae, or possibly of the Entoprocta. That this latter order is 
of great antiquity is also confirmed by its embryonic history, for the same eminent 
authority, above quoted, M. Barrois , 4 after the most careful and elaborate comparison of 
the larvae of the various Ectoproctan and Entoproctan groups, comes to the conclusion 
that “ the larvae of Entoprocta represent the primitive type from which all the others are 
derived.” 
A.— NORTH ATLANTIC REGION. 
Station 75, lat. 38° 38' N., long. 28° 28' 30" W.; 450 fathoms; volcanic mud. 
Idmonea milneana, C. | Idmonea irregularis. 
Cape Veede Islands, 100 to 120 fathoms. 
Hornera frondiculata. 
Station 36, lat. 32° 7 ' 25" N., long. 65° 4' W., off Bermuda ; 30 fathoms ; coral. 
Crisia denticulata, var. patagonica. | Amathia lendigera. 
Cape Verde Islands, 10 fathoms. 
Crisia conferta, D. 
Station 109, 0° 55' 38" N., long. 29° 22' 35" W., off St. Paul’s Rocks; shallow water. 
Crisia denticulata, B, D. 
1 Vine, Quart. J'ourn. Geol. Soc., vol. xl. p. 332, 1884. 
2 Barrois, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. x. p. 391 (footnote). 
3 Vine, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. xiv. p. 87. 
4 Barrois, loc. cit., p. 401. 
