1913-14.] Curvatures of the Tasmanian Aboriginal Cranium. 137 
The range of variation of the combined observations, from these two works, 
is therefore, for the Tasmanian, as follows :• — 
Males 8*4 
Females ..... 7*6 
Both sexes . . . .10*1 
The manner of estimating the range of variation by a single figure was 
dealt with in my previous work. The result is so surprisingly low 
as to justify the statement already made, that the Tasmanian is a homo- 
geneous race. 
Passing now to the third and last purpose of the present work, namely, 
an estimate of the evolutionary position of the Tasmanian, as deduced from 
a study of the relative degree of curvature of the various segments of the 
calvaria as herein described, I propose to deal with the subject on somewhat 
similar lines to those adopted by Berry and Robertson. 
It will be remembered that these authors, in conjunction with Dr Cross, 
introduced some strikingly original methods, in their attempt to place the 
Tasmanian in his correct evolutionary position as compared with certain 
supposed lower morphological forms. Their work was based solely on 
twenty-seven of the “ form analysis ” measurements of Schwalbe, and it 
seems to me desirable to ascertain if their final conclusions will be 
sustained by like methods based on completely different observations. 
With this object in view, I shall, therefore, deal with the degree of 
flattening of the skull as studied in this work, and I shall employ as 
objects of comparison the crania of the chimpanzee, Pithecanthropus 
erectus, Gibraltar, Spy-Neanderthal, Brtix, Galley Hill, Brunn, Cro-Magnon, 
Australian, Tasmanian, and European. 
The sources from which I have obtained the necessary data are as 
follow : — 
For the anthropoid I have utilised certain observations already 
published by Berry and Robertson (18). 
For Pithecanthropus I have utilised the necessary observations already 
recorded by Klaatsch (20) in his memoir on the Australian skull. 
For the Gibraltar skull the observations have been calculated from the 
diagrams furnished by Sollas (29). 
For the Spy-Neanderthal group the observations have been calculated 
from median sagittal diagrams in Schwalbe’s monograph on Pithecan- 
thropus erectus (19). 
For the Briix, Galley Hill, Briinn, and Cro-Magnon crania the observa- 
tions have been calculated by me from median sagittal diagrams furnished 
by Schwalbe (30) and Klaatsch (31). 
