311 
1913-14.] Meetings of the Society. 
Phenomena were discussed with regard to which considerable difference of opinion existed, and 
decisive results were obtained. 
Mr Russell’s work was next directed to an investigation of the effect of an oscillating magnetic 
field upon iron magnetised by a non-oscillating-field, and a careful discrimination was made, 
for the first time, between the cases in which the former field was first established, or conversely. 
Co-directed and perpendicularly directed fields were used, in the latter case possible disturbances 
due to the establishment of the oscillating field by means of a current flowing in the iron itself 
being for the first time avoided. Interesting and important results were obtained, and were 
applied to the formation of new views regarding the action of certain magnetic detectors used in 
wireless telegraphy. 
The preceding investigation led to a similar one in which mechanical vibrations were employed, 
and Mr Russell’s anticipation that similar results would be obtained was verified. Iron, nickel, 
and steel were investigated, both in the annealed and the tempered conditions, and general 
conclusions were obtained, while other interesting problems were suggested. 
One fact — the dependence of the neutral point in a hysteresis loop upon the intensity of the 
vibrational disturbance — was further investigated in a subsequent paper, and the apparently 
discordant results of other observers were harmonised. In a connected investigation on the effect 
of load and vibration upon magnetism in nickel, Mr Russell supplemented work of Ewing and 
Chree, upon iron and cobalt respectively, published in the Philosophical Transactions , and 
established the existence of a “ cyclic ” Yillari reversal. 
Mr Russell is an experimenter of great skill and resource. A visit to his private laboratory 
reveals how one man can do the work of three. And he is an accurate and acute reasoner. In 
his lengthy series of experimental inquiries, he has co-ordinated old, disconnected, or even 
seemingly discordant results, and has established new facts and new views. Throughout his 
whole work his aim has been to co-ordinate and explain highly complicated phenomena as the 
very direct results of the ideas of the molecular theory of magnetism based upon a simple view, 
given in his first paper, of the structural condition of a magnetic metal demagnetised by decreasing 
reversals. This is most noticeable in his latest paper which was communicated within the period 
of the present award. When the theory of magnetism in a medium crystallised on the cubic 
system is extended to an averagely random collocation of crystals, Mr Russell’s work will, with 
other work, form a touchstone. 
The following Communications were read 
1. Obituary Notice of John Sturgeon MacKay, M.A., LL.D. By Dr George Philip, 
George Watson’s College. 
2. Temperature Observations in Loch Earn. — Part II. By E. M. Wedderburn, D.Sc., and 
A. W. Young, M.A. {With Lantern Illustrations.) 
3. Contributions to the Geology of South Georgia. By D. Ferguson, M.I.M.E., with reports 
based on his collections by Professor J. W. Gregory, D.Sc., F.R.S., and G. W. Tyrrell, 
A.R.C.Sc., F.G.S. {With Lantern Illustrations.) 
The following Candidates for Fellowship were balloted for, and duly declared elected : — 
Alfred Frank Tredgold, L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S. , Hon. Consulting Physician to National 
Association for the Feebleminded; Francis John Lewis, D.Sc., F.L.S., Professor of Biology, 
University of Alberta ; Archibald M‘Kendrick, F.R.C.S.E., D.P.H., L.D.S. 
