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THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
scapha), Polystomella striatopunctata and Polystomella arctica, and Globigerina bulloides 
var. borealis. 
2. Hall Basin ( Discovery Bay). Lat. 81° 41' N. Two soundings, in 23 fathoms 
and 25 fathoms respectively. The Rhizopoda were scarce and minute, principally 
Cassidulince, other genera represented by very few examples. 
3. North of Robeson Channel, various localities, chiefly near the winter quarters of the 
“ Alert.” In all seven samples were obtained between lat. 82° 8' and 83° 19' N., some 
of which were glacial muds from the shore, the remainder material brought up with the 
sounding line. That from the highest latitude, taken from a depth of 72 fathoms (the 
most northerly sounding hitherto made), indicated a sea-bottom rich alike in Foraminifera, 
Radiolaria, and Diatomacese. The remainder were for the most part poor in Rhizopoda, 
the genera Cassididina, Nonionina, and Polystomella being best represented. Most of 
the samples contained a few Ostracoda. 
Austro-Hungarian North-Polar Expedition. 1 
The object of the Austro-Hungarian North-Polar Expedition was to explore that part 
of the Arctic Ocean lying directly north of the continent of Europe, taking the islands 
of Novaya Zemlya as a starting-point. The material obtained by Lieuts. Weyprecht 
and Payer comprised sixteen soundings, which may be referred to two distinct areas, 
six of them to Barents Sea, on the west and north-west coast of Novaya Zemlya, the 
remaining ten to a region much further north, namely, the shores of Franz-Josef Land. 
To these may be added a small series of soundings made in the summer of 1879, by 
Capt. A. H. Markham, in the area lying immediately south of the foregoing, that is to 
say, on the south-western shores of Novaya Zemlya, and in the Matyushin Shar, which 
complete the somewhat scanty ground -work of our knowledge of the microzoa of the 
eastern polar seas. 
4. West and North-West Coast of Novaya Zemlya, between lat. 74° and 77° N. Six 
soundings at no great distance from the coast-line ; depth, from 55 fathoms to 219 fathoms. 
The Rhizopod-fauna included fifty-four species, the genera Lagena, Cassidulina, and 
Nonionina being most conspicuously represented. The following forms are abundant, 
both on the coast of Novaya Zemlya and on the shores of Franz-Josef Land : — Reophax 
difflugiformis, Reophax scorpiurus, Haplophragmium nanum, Cassidulina laevigata, 
Cassidulina crassa, Globigerina borealis, Truncatulina lobatida, Pidvinulina Jcarsteni, 
and Polystomella striatopunctata. Of the species common in these soundings, but not 
found in the more northern area, Nonionina scapha is the most important. 
1 Henry B. Bady, Ueber einige arktische Tiefsee-Foraminiferen gesammelt wahrend der dsterreichiseb-ungariscben 
Nordpol-Expedition in den Jahren 1872-1874. Denkschr. d. matli.-naturw. Cl. d. k. Akad. d. Wiss., vol. xliii. p. 9], 
pis. i. ii. Also, On some Arctic Foraminifera, &c., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, vol. viii. p. 394, pi. xxi. 
