REPORT ON THE FORAMINIFERA. 
289 
.Sub-family l. Lituolinae. 
Reophax , Moutfort. ? 
Reophax , Montfort [1808], Brady, Norman, Siddall, Biitsclili, Carpenter. 
Orthoceras, Defrance [1824]. 
Nodosaria, pars, d’Orbigny [1826], Terquem. 
Proteonina, pars, Williamson [1858]. 
Lituola, pars, Parker and Jones [1860], Brady, M. Sars, G. M. Dawson, Robertson, Winther, &c. 
Haplostiche, Scbwager [1865], 
Dentalina, pars, Terquem [1870]. 
« 
Test free, coarsely arenaceous ; composed either of a single inflated chamber, or of a 
number of chambers joined end to end in a straight, curved, or crooked (never spiral) 
linear series. Chamber-cavities undivided ; aperture simple, terminal. 
The term Reophax appears to be the earliest generic designation applied to any member 
of this group, and it has therefore been adopted to include all the free, non-spiral, and 
non-labyrinthic Lituolce. It is a term of convenience only, and of about the same value in 
relation to Haplophragmium, as Nodosaria to Cristellaria amongst the hyaline types. 
The genus Reophax is cosmopolitan, and its bathymetrical range extends from almost 
the deepest portions of the sea-bottom yet explored to the shallow water of the Laminarian 
zone. Its geological history is practically that of a single species, Reophax scorpiurus , 
which goes back as far, at least, as the Jurassic period. 
Reophax difflugiformis , H. B. Brady (PI. XXX. figs. 1-5). 
Reophax difflugiformis, Brady, 1879, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. xix. N. S., p. 51, pi. iv. fig. 3 a.b. 
„ „ Id., 1882, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xi. p. 715. 
Test free ; consisting of a single, elongate, oval or pyriform chamber, with or without 
a produced tubular neck ; walls arenaceous, very variable in texture ; aperture simple. 
Length, -^th to ^th inch (0'36 to 0'63 mm.). 
Had this little organism been found in fresh or brackish water, or even in shore-pools 
it would, without doubt, have been assigned to the Difflugice ; and it is perhaps an assump- 
tion rather than an ascertained fact that Rhizopoda with lobose pseudopodia have no 
home in the deep sea. Nevertheless, as the test bears the same sort of relation to the 
moniliform Lituolce as that of Lagena does to the Nodosarice, there is a natural place for 
it in the Reticularian series. 
There seemed a possibility at first that the species might turn out to be only the 
primordial chamber of Reophax scorpiurus, but as it has since been found in considerable 
abundance in at least one area at which the latter form does not occur, it is evident that 
it holds an independent position. 
