290 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
The structure of the test varies with the locality and the nature of the sea-bottom. 
The walls are often composed of fine siliceous grains very neatly joined together, as in 
figures 1, 2, 3 ; sometimes they are beset with projecting sponge-spicules, as in figure 4 ; 
but more frequently, especially in northern habitats where the species is most plentiful, 
the test is constructed of coarse sand and has a very rough exterior, as shown in figure 5. 
I have notes of the occurrence of Reophax difflugiformis at about forty localities. It 
was found in thirteen out of sixteen soundings obtained on the shores of Franz- Josef 
Land and N o vaya-Zemlya, in latitudes extending to nearly 80° north, at depths of 
from 55 fathoms to 219 fathoms. It is common in the Faroe Channel, 530 to 555 
fathoms, and has been taken at four other points in the North Atlantic, ranging from 420 
to 2435 fathoms ; it also occurs in shallow water in Dublin Bay. The following localities 
complete the record of its distribution : — four Stations in the South Atlantic, 1035 to 2200 
fathoms; off Kerguelen Island, 120 fathoms; the Southern Ocean, south of Australia, 
2600 fathoms ; seven Stations in the South Pacific, 58 to 2425 fathoms ; and three in 
the North Pacific, 2300 to 3950 fathoms. 
My first acquaintance with the species was from a fossil specimen in Mr. Robertsons 
collection, obtained many years ago from the Post-tertiary College Clay of Cumbrae ; 
but I cannot speak with certainty of its occurrence elsewhere in the fossil state. At 
the same time, judging from the extremely variable contour and texture of recent 
specimens, I have very little doubt that the Cretaceous forms described by Berthelin under 
the names Haplophragmium scruposum and Haplophragmium lagenarium / and possibly 
also some reputed Mesozoic Lagena} , in reality belong to this species. 
Reophax ampullacea, H. B. Brady (PI. XXX. fig. 6, a.b.). 
Reophax ampullacea, Brady, 1881, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. xxi. N. S., p. 49. 
Test monothalamous. compressed ; broad and rounded at the base, tapering towards 
the distal end ; exterior rough. Length, ^-th inch (0‘84 mm.). 
This is a somewhat large flattened variety, bearing the same sort of relation to 
Reophax difflugiformis that Lagena marginata bears to Lagena glohosa. 
It has only been met with at one locality, — off Christmas Harbour, Kerguelen Islands, 
120 fathoms. 
Reophax fusiformis, Williamson, sp. (PI. XXX. figs. 7-11). 
Proteonina fusiformis, Williamson, 1858, Rec. For. Gt. Br., p. 1, pi. i. fig. 1. 
Lituola nautiloidea, var. scorpiurus, Parker and Jones, 1862, Introd. Foram., App., p. 309. 
Lituola fusiformis, Wright, 1877, Proc. Belfast Nat. Field Club, 1866-7, Appendix, — Table. 
Reophax fusiformis, Siddall, 1879, Catal. Brit. Rec. Foram., p. 4. 
1 Mtfvi. Soc. cpol. France, s4r. 3, mem. 5, p. 21, pi. i. figs. 1, 2. 
