310 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
several points in Baffin’s Bay and Smith Sound, extending as far north as lat. 81° 41', at 
depths ranging from 23 to 220 fathoms, and to almost the same high latitude on the 
shores of Franz- Josef Land, at 89 to 113 fathoms ; thence southward to our own shores, 
where it has been met with in Portree Bay, Skye, 14 to 18 fathoms (Robertson), and at 
one or two localities on the east and north-east coast of Ireland (Wright and Balkwill). 
Its area of distribution in the southern hemisphere stretches to Kerguelen Island, 
where it is also found in comparatively shallow water, 120 fathoms. In tropical and 
subtropical latitudes it seeks greater depths. It has been obtained at two Challenger 
Stations in the North Atlantic, 2675 fathoms and 2740 fathoms respectively, and at one just 
south of the equator, 2350 fathoms ; at three in the South Pacific 2160 to 2425 fathoms ; 
and at one in the North Pacific, off the Philippine Islands, 2550 fathoms. 
Haplophragrnium c-anariense, d’Orbigny, sp. (PI. XXXY. figs. 1-5). 
Nonionina canariensis, d’Orbigny, 1839, Foram. Canaries, p. 128, pi. ii. figs. 33, 34. 
Placopsilina canariensis, Parker and Jones, 1857, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, vol. xix. 
p. 301, pi. x. figs. 13, 14. 
Nonionina jeffreysii, Williamson, 1858, Rec. For. Gt. Br., p. 34, pi. iii. figs. 72, 73. 
Lituola canariensis, Brady, 1864, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., vol. xxiv. p. 472. 
„ nautiloidea, var. canariensis (pars), Parker and Jones, 1865, Phil. Trans., vol. civ. 
p. 406, pi. xv. fig. 45, a.b. 
Haplophragrnium jeffreysii, Berthelin, 1878, Foram. de Bourgneuf et Pornichet, p. 24, No. 20. 
„ canariense, Siddall, 1879, Catal. Brit. Rec. For., p. 4. 
Test free, nautiloid, much compressed ; composed of several convolutions, the outermost 
of which consists of from six to nine segments. Convolutions embracing ; the final one 
almost, sometimes entirely, enclosing those previously formed. Lateral surfaces somewhat 
concave, umbilici more or less excavated ; peripheral edge rounded and slightly lobulated. 
Aperture arched or oblong, situate at or near the inner margin of the ultimate segment, 
sometimes surrounded by a projecting border. Walls arenaceous, usually thin and 
smoothly finished ; colour variable, reddish-brown to grey, the later segments often of 
lighter hue than the rest. Diameter, ^th inch (O' 84 mm.). 
The typical characters of Haplophragrnium canariense are well rendered in the 
drawings (PI. XXXY. figs. 1, 2, and 3) ; but like most of its congeners the species is 
exceedingly liable to variation. This is exhibited to some extent in the texture and minute 
structure of the test, and to a greater degree in the form and disposition of the chambers. 
Under ordinary circumstances the test is very thin and nearly smooth externally; 
but in some localities specimens are found with walls of much stouter consistence, and 
constructed of coarser materials, the exterior being correspondingly rough. This variety, 
of which fig. 4 represents a good example, is not uncommon on the Dogger Bank, and 
often grows to a comparatively large size, -^-th inch (1'26 mm.) in diameter or thereabouts. 
