EE PORT ON THE FORAMINIFERA. 
311 
In districts where the species abounds, as on the western shores of Scotland, specimens 
with abnormal characters of one sort or another are very frequent. In most cases the 
anomalous features consist in nothing beyond the free or irregular growth of a few of the 
later chambers, or of the more or less evolute arrangement of the convolutions ; but 
occasionally the test is more distinctly monstrous. An example of this kind is seen 
in fig. 5, which represents a specimen in which the later segments are disposed in alter- 
nating series, as in Textulciria, so that the complete organism has characters approaching 
those of the dimorphous type, Spiroplecta. Such obvious monstrosities are interesting 
and suggestive from a morphological point of view, but are otherwise comparatively 
unimportant. 
Haplophragmium canciriense is of w T orld-wide distribution. It was found in the 
soundings obtained in the British North-Polar Expedition, as far north as lat. 82° N., 
and in those of the Austro-Hungarian Expedition to nearly lat. 80° N. ; and from these 
points to Kerguelen Island and Heard Island in the southern hemisphere, it is at home 
in every sea. It is common in shallow water on the shores of Norway, Great Britain, 
Belgium, and France ; and though at the greater depths of the North Atlantic it is com- 
paratively rare, its occurrence has been noted at 530 fathoms, 540 fathoms, and 1445 
fathoms. In the South Atlantic it occurs at five Stations, ranging from 13 fathoms to 
1900 fathoms; in the South Pacific at twelve, from 2 fathoms to 2160 fathoms ; and in 
the North Pacific at seven, from 40 fathoms to 3950 fathoms. It may be stated that, 
except in the North Pacific, by far the larger proportion of the points referred to are in 
shallow water. 
As a Post-tertiary fossil, the species has been collected near Peterborough (Parker), 
in the west of Scotland (Robertson), in the north-east of Ireland (Wright), and in 
Norway (Crosskey and Robertson) ; but its geological history does not appear to extend 
beyond the Pleistocene period. 
Haplophragmium nanum, H. B. Brady (PI. XXXV. figs. 6-8). 
Haplophragmium, nanum , Brady, 1881, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. xxi., N. S., p. 50. 
„ „ Id. 1881, Henkschr. d, k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. xliii. p. 99, 
pi. ii. fig. 1, a.-c. 
Test minute, Rotaliform, depressed ; consisting of about two convolutions, the outer- 
most of which is composed of six or seven somewhat inflated segments, often irregular in 
shape and disposition. Superior face flat or only slightly convex ; inferior face convex, 
more or less excavated at the umbilicus. Walls thin ; texture resembling that of Haplo- 
phragmium canariense ; colour light-brown, the final segment somewhat lighter than the 
rest. Diameter, ^th inch (0'34 mm.) or less. 
This little variety closely resembles Haplophragmium canariense, but the test is 
