430 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGED. 
size and in the number and contour of the visible segments, hut not to an extent that 
interferes with its easy identification. 
The geographical range of Cassidulina crassa is as wide as that of Ccissididina 
laevigata , and it appears to be much more evenly distributed than the latter form. It was 
one of the Foraminifera obtained at the most northerly point reached on the last British 
North-Polar Expedition, in bit. 83° 19' N., and has also been found on the shores of 
Franz-Josef Land and Spitzbergen. It is scattered over the whole of the North Atlantic, 
even to depths as great as 2760 fathoms, and occurs at six Challenger Stations in 
the South Atlantic. It is found off the Cape of Good Hope, and thence all the way, by 
Kerguelen and the .Heard Islands, to the Antarctic Ice-barrier. It has been noticed at 
fifteen Stations in the South Pacific, at depths varying from 210 fathoms to 2075 fathoms, 
and at five in the North Pacific, from 40 fathoms to 2475 fathoms. It has also been 
obtained from many parts of the Mediterranean. 
As a fossil its earliest recorded appearance is in the Middle Tertiaries of Austria and 
Hungary (Reuss), and of Lower Bavaria (Egger). It occurs in the Subapennine clays of 
Italy (Jones and Parker) ; in the Crag of the eastern counties of England (Jones, Parker, 
and Brady) ; and in the Post-tertiary deposits of Norway (Sars, Crosskey and Robertson) 
and of the north-east of Ireland (Wright). 
Cassidulina subglobosa, H. B. Brady (PI. LIY. fig. 17, a.b.c.). 
Cassidulina subglobosa, Brady, 1881, Quart. Journ. Sci., vol. xxi., N. S , p. 60. 
Test subglobular, somewhat compressed on the two lateral faces, inequilateral ; seg- 
ments few, slightly inflated ; alternation irregular. Aperture an oblique or nearly erect 
loop-like slit on the face of the projecting terminal segment. Longer diameter, -^th inch 
(0'7 mm.). 
This form has characters in some respects intermediate between those of Cassididi7ia 
crassa and Cassidulina calabra, but may be distinguished from either by its relatively 
large size, and the irregularity displayed in the general contour of the test, the alterna- 
tion of the segments, and the shape and insertion of the aperture. 
Cassidulina subglobosa occurs in all the great ocean-basins, and is for the most part a 
deep-water species. Its distribution-list includes nine Stations in the North Atlantic, 
between lat. 40° N. and the equator, the depths ranging from 435 to 2750 fathoms ; four 
Stations in the South Atlantic, 350 to 1035 fathoms ; three in the Southern Ocean, 
120 to 1950 fathoms ; twelve in the South Pacific, 12 to 2350 fathoms ; and two in the 
North Pacific, 2300 and 2950 fathoms respectively. 
