548 
THE VOYAGE OE H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
Cristellaria simplex, Terquem, 1876, Anim. sur la Plage de Dunkerque, p. 70, pi. vii. fig. 21, a.b. 
Robulina simplicissima, Seguenza, 1879, Atti R. Accad. dei Lincei, ser. 3, vol. vi. p. 141, 
pi. xiii. fig. 18. 
„ lucida, Id. Ibid. p. 142, pi. xiii. fig. 19. 
Cristellaria falcifer, Staehe, 1864, Novara-Exped., geol. Theil, vol. i. Palaont., p. 240, pi. xxiii. 
fig. 19, a.b. 
Cristellaria rotulata takes precedence as the type of the simplest forms of the 
lenticular and involute Cristellarians. The test is biconvex, has a sharp peripheral edge 
but no marginal keel, and is smooth externally. 
This species is one of the most widely diffused of all Foraminifera. In the living 
condition it is found far within the Arctic Circle (to lat. 79° 45' N.), and as far south as 
Tierra del Fuego. It occurs in the North Atlantic at every depth from the littoral zone 
down to 1630 fathoms; in the South Atlantic down to 2200 fathoms; in the South Pacific 
down to 2075 fathoms; in the North Pacific to 345 fathoms; and in the Mediterranean to 
1200 fathoms ; as well as in the shallow waters of the Adriatic. 
As a fossil Cristellaria rotulata has been observed in the Upper Trias of Derbyshire 1 
(Jones and Parker); in the Lower, Middle, and Upper Lias of England (Brady, Blake); in 
the Cretaceous formations of England, Ireland, Germany, and elsewhere (Sowerby, Jones, 
Wright, &c.) ; and in almost every marine microzoic deposit of the Tertiary epoch, from 
the Eocene beds of the London Basin to the Glacial Clays of Norway and Scotland. 
Cristellaria vortex, Fichtel and Moll, sp. (PI. LXIX. figs. 14-16). 
“Nautili globuli,” Soldani, 1789, Testaceographia, vol. i. pt. 1, p. 66, pi. lix. fig. tt. 
Nautilus vortex, Ficbtel and Moll, 1803, Test. Micr., p. 33, pi. ii. figs. d-i. 
Polystomella vortex, Blainville, 1825, Man. de Malacol., p. 389. 
Robulina vortex, d’Orbigny, 1826, Ann. Sci. Nat., vol. vii. p. 288, No. 4. 
Cristellaria vortex, Parker, Jones, and Brady, 1871, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. viii. 
p. 240, pi. x. fig. 82. 
Robulina serpens, Seguenza, 1879, Atti R. Accad. dei Lincei, ser. 3, vol. vi. p. 143, pi. xiii. fig. 25. 
The specific term i( vortex ” has reference to the sweeping curves of the long narrow 
chambers, terminating in the central umbo. This peculiarity of form and mode of 
combination constitutes the most distinctive feature of the shell. 
Small starved specimens of Cristellaria vortex have been met with in sands dredged 
on the west coast of Scotland. It occurs at one Challenger Station in the North Atlantic 
— off Bermuda, 435 fathoms; and at four in the South Pacific — off Kandavu, Fiji, 210 
fathoms ; off Tahiti, 420 fathoms ; off New Hebrides, 125 fathoms ; and off Paine Island, 
Torres Strait, 155 fathoms. Parker and Jones record its presence at three points in the 
Mediterranean, at depths between 90 and 360 fathoms. 
1 Since the revision of these proof-sheets my attention has been called by my friend Professor Rupert J ones to the 
figure of a specimen obtained from the Lower Silurian strata of Cincinnati, which to all appearance is correctly assigned 
to the present species. Vide , — “ Cristellaria rotulata l d’Orh.”— Ulrich, 1882 (?), Journ. Cincin. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. v. 
p. 119, pi. v. figs. 2, 2 a. 
