602 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S CHALLENGER. 
guished with difficulty. The test has the plano-convex shape characteristic of these 
species, and exhibits no umbilical vestibule on its inferior surface. The only visible aper- 
ture is the large gaping orifice of the final segment, which constitutes one of the most 
striking features of the shell. 
In point of abundance, and in the extent of its geographical range, Globigerina injiata 
stands second only to the typical Globigerina bulloides. Its area of distribution stretches 
northwards as far as lat. 82° 27' N. and southwards to lat. 53° 55' S. It is less common 
in the Arctic and Southern Oceans than elsewhere, but is equally at home in the North and 
South Atlantic, the North and South Pacific, the Indian Ocean, and the Mediterranean. 
Its appearance as a fossil is confined to the later Tertiary formations. It has been 
found in the Pleistocene beds of Sicily (Seguenza) and in the Post-tertiary clays of the 
north-east of Ireland (Wright). 
Globigerina rubra, d’Orbigny (PL LXXIX. figs. 11-16). 
Globigerina rubra, d’Orbigny, 1839, Foram. Cuba, p. 94, pi. iv. figs. 12-14. 
,, canariensis, Id. 1839, Foram. Canaries, p. 133, pL ii. figs. 10-12. 
,, bulloides, var. rubra, Vanden Broeck, 1876, Ann. Soc. Beige Micr., vol. ii. p. 125, 
pi. iii. figs. 9, 10. 
„ rubra, Brady, 1879, Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., vol. xix., N. S., p. 72. 
Test trochoid, Rotaliform ; consisting of a more or less elevated spire having about three 
convolutions, each convolution composed of three subglobular or inflated segments; aperture 
an arched or nearly semicircular opening at the inferior umbilical margin of the final 
segment, in addition to which some of the chambers have one or occasionally two rounded 
orifices on the superior face close to the sutural depressions. Colour pink, darkest in the 
earlier chambers. Pelagic specimens spinous externally. Diameter, -^yth inch (0‘5 mm.). 
This is one of the most striking varieties of Globigerina. It is distinguished not only 
by its colour, but, in typical examples, by the unusual height of the spire and by the 
orifices on the superior face of the test. The pink coloration is most noticeable in living 
or recently living individuals, but it is seldom entirely lost even in shells which are 
old and worn. The surface-specimens taken on the Challenger voyage are of small size 
and apparently not fully grown ; like most of their congeners they are frequently beset 
with spines (fig. 16). They have a faint pink tinge, but are not nearly so well marked 
in this respect as many of those from bottom dredgings ; it is stated, however, that tow- 
net specimens have been obtained amongst the West Indies of full size and of very bright 
hue. Other species, e.g., Globigerina sacculifera, occasionally show traces of colour, but 
in no other case does it amount to a distinctive character. 
The height of the spire varies considerably, the maximum being about one-third 
more than the diameter of the test at the broadest part. D’Orbigny describes a 
