REPORT ON THE EORAMTNIFERA. 
623 
an clessus des autres, de maniere a representer, dans leur ensemble, trois suites 
verticales de leges croissant egalement des premieres aux dernieres. Ouverture. Nous 
n’avons remarque aucune ouverture centrale ; mais, sur le retour de la spire, la dernier e 
loge est percee, sur le bord, de six it sept petites ouvertures. Couleur blanche, trans- 
parente. Dimensions. Diametre ^ millim.” 1 
With considerable allowance for the variability of individuals, these characters express 
with tolerable accuracy the salient features of the organism, so far at anyrate as concerns 
the external conformation of the test ; but they require amendment in several minor 
points. It is quite true that the test has no general aperture, but the sutural orifices 
are much more numerous than stated by the author ; and they are by no means confined 
to the margin of the latest chamber, or even of the final convolution, but usually 
appear also, though in smaller numbers, at the borders of the earlier segments. The 
diameter of fully grown specimens is often as much as -jyth inch (0 - 68 mm.). 
The texture of the shell resembles that of Sphceroidina bulloides ; it is sometimes 
transparent and pearly white, but quite as frequently slightly tinged with brown. The 
walls are excessively thin, averaging less than one-sixth of the thickness of those of the 
last-named species. 2 The surface of the shell is smooth and polished, and under a low 
magnifying power appears imperforate; but, when examined under favourable conditions 
with a lens magnifying 500 diameters or upwards, the pores may be distinctly made out, 
and they appear to be of very similar size to those of Pullenia sphceroides, that is to say, 
probably not more than inch (O'OOl mm.) in diameter. 
Anomalous specimens, such as that represented by fig. 19, corresponding in form to 
some of the irregular modifications of Globigerina and Pullenia , are not unfrequent. 
Candeina nitida occurs amongst the surface organisms in the Challenger tow-net 
gatherings from four localities, two in the South Atlantic and two in the North Pacific. 
The pelagic specimens are very rare, only one or two from each point ; they are much 
smaller than the dredged shells, and delicately thin and transparent. An average example 
is portrayed in fig. 13. 
Bottom specimens show that the species has a wide area of distribution. It was 
obtained by the Bev. A. M. Norman from one of the “ Valorous ” dredgings in the North 
Atlantic at about the latitude of the north of Ireland (lat. 55° 10' N.), and this, so far as 
is at present known, is its northern limit. It occurs at one Challenger Station south of 
the Canaries, and was found by d’Orbigny in shore-sands from Cuba and Jamaica. In 
the South Atlantic it is much more generally diffused, having been met with at six 
Stations, and often in considerable abundance ; in the South Pacific it occurs at five 
Stations and in the North Pacific at one. 
1 Foram. Cuba (French ed.), p. 108. 
2 The thickest portion of a specimen of Candeina nitida, the wall of the final chamber, measured ygy-ytli inch 
(0’008 mm.) ; another part of the same shell was only soko-th inch (0’005 mm.) in thickness. Specimens of Sphceroidina 
bulloides, with which they were compared, gave a thickness of rather less than gjfy th inch (0'05 mm.). 
