REPORT ON THE EORAMINIEERA. 
677 
based upon the structure and habit of the test, being that Carpentaria was a true 
Foraminifer, and in many ways nearly allied to Polytrema. The more recent researches 
of Mr. Carter 1 and Dr. Goes 2 have not only confirmed this view, but have enlarged our 
knowledge of the type in every direction, and the genus now includes a number of forms 
which display collectively a considerable diversity of external features. 
Morphologically Carpentaria stands about midway between Polytrema and the 
Planorbuline genera ( Truncatulina and Rupertia ). The test is Hot aliform, adherent by 
its “ superior ” face, and more regularly constructed in its early than in its later develop- 
ment ; the external contour is highly convex, subconical, or columnar ; and the aperture, 
which is situated at or near the umbilical point of the terminal segment, occasionally 
takes the form of an extended tube. The chambers are comparatively few in number, 
and amongst the more typical species those of the outer whorls are irregularly spread- 
ing or buttress-like. The septal walls are generally though not invariably double, and, 
more rarely, the shell appears to possess a rudimentary or partially developed system of 
interseptal canals. Specimens occur either singly, or associated so as to form masses of 
considerable size. 
At the earlier stages of growth the test of certain species is scarcely distinguishable 
from that of Truncatulina lobatula or Truncatulina refulgens, as may be seen from the 
young specimens (probably Carpentaria monticularis and Carpentaria balaniformis) 
represented in PI. XCVII1. figs. 13-17, which exhibit decidedly Rotaline characters, not 
only with respect to the contour and arrangement of the segments, but also, though to a 
less degree, in the form and position of the orifice. 
The genus Carpentaria is commonest within the tropics, but in the northern 
temperate zone it has been met with as far north as Bermuda (and the Mediteranean V). 
The situations it most affects are coral seas of less depth than 200 fathoms, but it is 
occasionally found as low as 1000 fathoms. It is unknown in the fossil condition. 
Carpentaria monticularis, Carter (PI. XCIX. figs. 1-5). 
Carjpenteria monticularis, Carter, 1877, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser 4, vol. xix., pi. xiii. 
figs. 9-12. 
The test of Carpentaria monticularis in the very young stage resembles a some- 
what depressed and spreading sessile Truncatulina, with very few (usually about four) 
visible segments. The aperture is not quite apical, but appears as a curved fissure on 
the inner umbilical margin of the final chamber a little within the summit. These 
characters are exemplified in fig. 5, and still better in the smaller specimen on fig. 1. 
1 Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1876, ser. 4, vol. xvii. p. 187, pi. ■xiii.;— Ibid., 1877, vol. xix. p. 209, pi. xiii.;— 
Ibid., vol. xx. p. 68, woodcut, and p. 172. 
2 On the Reticularian Rbizopoda of the Caribbean Sea —Kongl. SvensJca Vetenslcaps-Akad. Handl., vol. xix. No. 4. 
This valuable contribution to our knowledge of tropical Foraminifera bears date 1882, but was not actually issued till 
November 1883, and was not received until these sheets were in the hands of the printer. 
(ZOOL. CHALL. EXP. PART XXII. 1884.) 
Y 86 
