REPORT ON THE FORAMINIFERA. 
713 
taper a little towards the extremity, or are club-shaped, with the broad end outwards ; 
occasionally they assume less regular forms and become variously branched and sub- 
divided. They generally spring from near the peripheral edge of the test, but this is by 
no means a constant rule, and specimens are met with in which they radiate from almost 
every portion of the surface. 
The exterior of the test yields but little information as to its internal structure. 
Sections, however, show that it is composed of three or four convolutions of an 
inequilateral spire, each circuit consisting of a relatively large number of chambers. 
The convolutions are non-embracing, and the spire is arranged in the form of a depressed 
cone. Except a portion of the final convolution, the whole is encased in a thick deposit 
of shell-substance, which not only fills the umbilical hollow and forms a convex layer on 
both faces, but produces also the marginal spines. This deposit, which is in fact the 
“ supplemental skeleton,” is traversed by a complicated system of ramifying canals, the 
open ends of which are seen externally in the form of large superficial pores. The 
aperture consists of a row of small rounded orifices along the inner margin of the final 
segment. 
The Challenger collections add but little to our knowledge of the distribution of the 
species. It occurs in material dredged at eight Stations in various parts of the East 
Indian Archipelago. One of these, off Amboyna, has a depth of 1425 fathoms; the 
others range from 6 to 155 fathoms, and represent more nearly its normal habitat. 
D’Orbigny, Parker and Jones, and Carpenter all agree that Calcarina spengleri is 
identical with the Siderolites calcitrapoides of Lamarck, so that its earliest appearance, 
geologically speaking, must be placed at least as far back as the Chalk of Maestricht. It 
occurs in the Eocene and Miocene of several parts of Europe ; but owing to the confusion 
of nomenclature it is difficult to distinguish this from many of the allied species enu- 
merated in the published fauna-lists of the Tertiary formations. 
Ccdccirina hispida, H. B. Brady (PI. CVIII. figs. 8, 9). 
Calcarina hispida, Brady, 1876, Proc. R. Irish Acad., ser. 2, vol. ii. p. 5,90. 
,, calcar, var. Mspida, Carter, 1880, Ann. and Mag. Nat,. Hist., ser. 5, voL v. p. 453. 
The present variety displays the same general structure as Calcarina spengleri, but 
the test is seldom quite so large. The entire surface is hispid or beset with short blunt 
spines in addition to the larger radial processes. It is well figured by Carpenter from 
a very young specimen (Introd. Foram., pi. xiv. figs. 6, 7). Egger gives a drawing of 
a relatively minute Eotalian shell, with precisely similar condition of surface, under the 
name Rosalina horrida (Neues Jahrb. fur Min., &e., 1857, p. 278, pi. viii. figs. 14-16) : 
and it is possible that this, which is taken from a Miocene fossil, may also represent 
the same form at a very early stage of growth. 
