716 
THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER. 
Tinoporus baculatus [Montfort ?], Carpenter (PL CI. figs. 4-7) 
Tinoporous baculatus (T), Montfort, 1808, Conchyl. Sy&t., vol. i. p. 146, 37 e genre. 
Orbitolina sphcerulata, Parker and Jones, 1860, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, vol. vi. p. 33, 
No. 8. 
Tinoporus baculatus, Carpenter, 1860, Phil. Trans., p. 557, pis. xviii., xxi. 
„ „ Id. 1862, Introd. Foram., p. 226, pi. xv. figs. 5-12. 
„ „ Moehius, 1878, Bau des Eozoon, p. 186, pi. xxxviii. 
The generic description already furnished applies in all respects to the present 
species, and leaves little to he added beyond a few particulars as to distribution. 
Tinoporus baculatus is not uncommon amongst the islands of the Pacific, from 
Tasmania northwards, at any rate as far as the Philippines ; and in favourable situa- 
tions it is said to exist in enormous abundance. It has only been met with at six 
Challenger Stations, namely : — off Fiji, 12 fathoms ; at four points to the south of Papua, 
6 fathoms to 155 fathoms ; and off the Admiralty Islands, 15 to 35 fathoms. It occurs 
also on the shores of New Zealand, Australia, and the Samoa Islands, and, as before stated, 
Tasmania and the Philippine Islands. 
Gypsina; Carter. 
Millepora, pars, Phillips [1829], Woodward. 
Ceriopora, pars, Michelin [1844], Reuss.' 
Tragos, Reuss [1845]. 
Coscinopora, d’Orbigny [1852], Morris, Phillips. 
Acervulina, pars, Schultze [1854]; 
Orbitolina, pars, Parker and Jones, [I860]. 
Tinoporus, pars, Carpenter [1860], Brady, Robertson, Wright, Carter, Karrer, Siddall, Terrigi. 
Polytrema, pars, Brady [1866], Carter. 
Cellepora, Parfitt [1872]. 
Gypsina, Carter [1877], Brady. 
The separation of Gypsina from Tinoporus is based upon negative^ characters, namely, 
the absence of peripheral spines and of the supplemental skeleton of which the spines 
are a development. 
Gypsina is one of the simplest types of polythalamous Foraminifera. The test is 
either free or adherent; in the former case it may be spherical, subconical, or compressed, 
in the latter it forms either a tolerably symmetrical convex mass or an irregular crust, 
adapting itself to the contour of the body upon which it grows. It is composed of a 
congeries of minute chambers, of rounded, polygonal, or irregular shape, variously 
combined. In the more typical forms a few of the earlier chambers are arranged in a 
flat spire, but for the most part no regular plan of structure is discernible. The exposed 
surfaces of the chambers are coarsely porous, and in the absence of larger specialised 
