— 35 - 
are lodged, windcast, on the limbs of the alder: Usnea barbata hirta pre- 
fers a tree in swampy places, but U. barbata ceratina is found on the 
upland stretches. Sticta pvilmonaria and S. Oregana are often found lodged 
on the alder, but their juvenile life was spent on the maple. As you climb 
higher on the tree you may notice the abrasions of Arthonia asteroides, 
which might be mistaken for the natural color of the inner bark. Low down 
where moss has not obtruded the hand lens reveals several other greenish or 
yellowish, granular forms, among which are brown grains of dust appar- 
ently some of the lower forms of life. 
Of course not all of the above lichens were found on any one tree, but at 
least one half of them were so found, and all were found on the alder within 
a radius of one-half mile in the vicinity of Cathlamet. Washington. 
The coastal region about the estuary of the Columbia River belongs to 
the humid zone, having an oceanic climate. The southwest winds, carrying 
heavy loads of moisture from the warmer areas of the Pacific, drop this load 
as they pass inland and ascend the western slopes of the Cascade Mts., giv- 
ing a rain fall of 70-90 inches yearly. These warm Chinook winds mitigate 
the rigors of the winter season and moderate the heat of summer, thus pro- 
ducing in Lat. 46° N. a mild and humid climate with prolonged season of 
growth very conducive to such plants as ferns, mosses, hepatics and lichens, 
not to mention the numerous forms of fungi and algae. 
Portland, Oregon, June 10, 1907. 
Note.— The writer is under obligation to Mr. G. K. Merrill, Rockland, 
Maine, for the determination of the above mentioned lichens, specimens of 
which are in his herbarium and in that of the Sullivant Moss Chapter, and 
duplicate specimens in that of the writer. 
LICHENS OF THE MOUNT MONADNOCK REGION, N. H. 
Reginald Heber Howe, Jr. 
In the American Naturalist for September, 1906 (Vol. XL., No, 447, pp., 
661-665), I published a list of seventy-one species of lichens that I had col- 
lected on or about Mt. Monadnock. Since then I have had several opportu- 
nities to study the lichens of this region, and there has also come into my care 
as curator of the Thoreau Museum of Natural History at the Middlesex 
School, Concord, Massachusetts, a large and interesting collection of lichens 
collected about Keene, N. H., and on Mt. Monadnock. This collection was 
made by George Alexander Wheelock during the 70’s (1877-1880), one volume 
of specimens is labelled 1877, another 1876-80. 
Mr. Wheelock was born in Winchester, N. H., January 21, 1816, and 
spent almost his entire life in studying the natural history of Keene, N. H. 
He died June 17, 1906, in Keene. He was what might be called a jack-daw col- 
lector of natural history specimens, and his varied collections and scientific 
books are now installed in this Museum. In Cassino’s Naturalist’s Directory 
for 1884, Mr. Wheelock is included among the Cryptogamic Botanists and 
Entomologists. 
