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Section Amphigymniae Wain. 
Group Subflavescentes Wain. 
P. caperata (L.) Ach, Methodus p. 216. 
Reaction K+ or famt + me. K(C)+ reddish or orange. 
On trunks, old rails and dead wood. 
3491, Algonquin Park, Ont. ; 733, Guelph, Ont. ; 3663, Lincoln Co., Ont. ; 
4089, Montmorency River, Que. ; 745, Nipigon River, Ont. ; 742, 735, Belle- 
ville, Ont.; 736, Rocky Mts. , J. Macoun; 743. Tobique River. N. B., G. U. 
Hay; 744, Canaan Forks, N. B., J. Moser; Edmonton, Ont., J. White. 
P. caperata , or strictly speaking the plant here catalogued has been 
ascribed to Dillenius (Lichenoides caperatum rosacae expansum, sulphureo 
vlrens), by Mudd ; to Linnaeus (Lichen caper atus) Sp. Plant (1753), p. 1147, 
almost universally ; and to Hoffman (Lichen caper atus) Enum.Lich.(i784) p.94, 
by Hue Li. Ex. Eua. I, p. 180. Hue seems to base his opinion on the curi- 
ous discovery made by Wainio and recorded in Rev. Lich. in herb. Linn, 
asserv. p. 5, that Lichen caperatus is the name given by the great botanist in 
herb, to what is called by Tuckerman Qetraria juniperina var. Pinastri. 
This is the more surprising as Linnaeus cites the plant of Dillenius as 
synonymous with his own, and by no token of the Dillenian plate or text is it 
to be inferred that they figure or describe Lichen Pinastri. This must as 
surely have been perceived by Linnaeus, as by those later students who 
have given us commentaries on the Historia Muscorum. That the Dillenian 
plate really illustrates P. caperata is confirmed by Crombie, and notwith- 
standing the testimony of his herbarium, we believe that Linnaeus framed 
his diagnosis for Linchen caperatus and not L. pinastri. 
Group Subglaucescentes Wain. 
P. oliv aria (Ach.) Hue Li. Ex. Eur. p. 195. 
P . per lata var. oliv aria Ach. Methodus p. 217. 
P. per lata var. olivetoruni of many authors. 
Reaction Kt, me. C-f- red, evanescent. 
Thallus cartilagineous, expanded, orbicular, loosely appressed, greenish 
or cinereo-olivaceous, lobed, the margins of the laciniae undulate, crisped, 
incurved, and centrally more or less ascendant, marginally white limbate- 
sorediate in typical sta'tes ; above opaque or somewhat shining and here and 
there white-punctate ; within white ; below blackish and paler at the margins, 
rhizoides few and scattered, Apothecia moderate to large, in the latter state 
the margin ruptured but otherwise entire ; spores oblong-ellipsoid \pp3M. 
On trunks, rocks and old rails. 
590, Cape Breton; 1539, Guelph, Ont.; 513, Tobique, N. B. ; 18, Mont- 
morency River, Que. ; 4, Algonquin Park, Ont. ; 563, McKay’s Woods, 
Ottawa, Ont. ; 577, Seymour, W. Ont. ; 570, Chelsea, Ont. ; 569, Belleville, 
Ont. J. Macoun. 577, Canaan Forks, N. B., J. Moser; 3629, Kingston Mills, 
Ont. J. M. Macoun. 
P. per lata in part of Tuckerman’s Synopsis. Tuckerman’s conception 
of P. perlata included a very varied assortment of forms. This assemblage 
has been differentiated by Nylander, Muller and Hue until it may be safely 
said to comprise a dozen names. 
P. olivaria is very distinct from P. perlata , although the difference 
between it and P. cetrarioides or the P. perlata of some of the European 
writers is not very obvious. All the American material in our herbarium 
identified by others as P. perlata belongs here, including No. 8, D. N. A. 
Lich. The nearest approach to P. perlata in the Dominion herb, is no. 567 , 
on old logs, Belleville, Ont. J. Macoun. The plant is sterile, but in reac- 
tion and most other particulars is in agreement with that species. 
