12. Cladonia papillaria (Ehrh ) Hoffm. 
Through the kindness of Miss Carr, I am able to report this species from 
Sudbury, where she found it in several places. The determination of her 
specimen was corroborated for me by Dr. Farlow. Mr. Walter Gerritson, of 
Waltham, allows me also to report it from that township, where he has col- 
lected it on barren soil. Mr. Merrill determined his examples. 
Since the Middlesex Flora was published the genus Cladonia has under- 
gone such a revision that the status of its species in the country is exceed- 
ingly difficult. The following have been collected in Carlisle and Concord, 
and may be included or not in those given for the region under less specific 
names or by other titles. For the determinations I am indebted to Prof. 
Bruce Fink and Mr. Merrill. 
13. Cladonia pyxidata chlorophaea (Floerk.) Wainio 
14. Cladonia fimbriata coniocrea (Flk.) Wainio. 
15. Cladonia fimbriata apolepta (Ach ) Wainio. 
16. Cladonia verticillata evoluta Th. Fr. 
17. Cladonia ce notea furcellata Rabenh. 
18. Cladonia furcata paradoxa (Wainio) Fink. 
19. Cladonia pityrea (Floerk.) Fr. 
20. Cladonia squamosa denticollis (Hoffm.) Floerk. 
21. Cladonia Boryi Tuckerm. (Sudbury.) 
22. Cladonia gracilis elongata (Jacq.) Floerk. (Sudbury.) 
23. Lecidea enteroleuca Fr. Not uncommon, and fertile on deciduous 
growths in Concord. 
24. Mycoporiu 77 i pycnocarpum Nyl. One fertile example collected on maple 
in Concord. Concord, Mass. 
MICROSCOPICAL TECHNIQUE. 
Many persons who have to use the microscope in their studies find it 
desirable to do much of the work at night and to such a good working light 
is not an unimportant matter. A very excellent light may be arranged by 
the very simple expedient of placing a piece of white cardboard six or eight 
inches behind a incandescent electric lamp and using the reflection f*rom its 
surface. A piece of botanical mounting paper answers the purpose nicely 
and for the moss student is usually at hand. If an electric light is not avail- 
able a good student lamp may serve in place of it. Such a light is almost if 
not quite as good as daylight reflected from a white cloud which, of course, 
has no superior. Sometimes it is well to shade the lamp in front by another 
small piece of cardboard. This suggestion may be old to many readers of 
the Bryologist, but those who have never tried it will easily solve the prob- 
lem of a desirable light for microscopic work. J. P. Naylor, 
Greencastle, Ind. 
