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Cladonia squamosa phyllocoma Rabenh. Clad. Eur. i860. Podetia 
cup-bearing subcontinuously or areolate corticate, more or less squamulose. 
The squamules are said to be rather large, btit this is not true of the plant 
determined by Dr. Wainio from Minnesota and figured herein. 
A single collection from Emo, Ontario, along the northern boundary 
of Minnesota, has been placed here by Dr. Wainio. A European variety, 
not known elsewhere in North America. Plate IV. Figs. 2. A and B. 
Cladonia subsquamosa (Nyl.) Wainio, Mon. Clad. Univ, 1: 445. 1887. 
Primary thallus composed of middling-sized squamules, which commonly dis- 
appear sooner or later. Podetia arising from the surface of the squamules, 
12-35 mm. long in ours and becoming twice as long in foreign plants; 
subcylindrical or tubaeform: sometimes cup-bearing; irregularly branched 
or rarely simple; axils sometimes perforate: the apices cup-bearing, 
obtuse and perforate or rarely subulate; erect, the cortex verrucose or 
areolate or almost wholly decorticate; sometimes squamulose towards 
the base and squamulose-scaly higher up; whitish-sea- green or varying 
toward brownish: the base sometimes dying and becoming dark colored. 
Cups when present perforate, and the margin becoming repeatedly prolifer- 
ate. Apothecia commonly small, o. 5-0.7 mm. in diameter; subsolitary or 
more or less aggregated at the apices of the branches; flat and thinly mar- 
gined or becoming convex and immarginate, brown. Hypothecium pale. 
Hymenium pale below and brownish above. Paraphyses with thickened 
apices. Asci clavate. Specimens seen sterile and apothecial characters taken 
wholly from Dr. Wainio. 
A single collection from the same locality as the last variety was placed 
here by Dr. Wainio. The specimen was collected on earth over rocks. 
Previously known in North America only from Vancouver Island and 
Alaska. A rare plant, Dr. Wainio citing a single locality from each of the 
following grand divisions, — Europe, South America and Australia. 
In closing this paper, a word is in order regarding the photographs 
for illustration. These have been furnished thus far, in part, by Mr. C. J. 
Hibbard, Dr. E, T. Harper and Mr. G. K. Merrill, and in part by the 
Bryologist, The writer spent a summer with Mr. Hibbard photographing 
lichqns, and it was through this connection that Mr, Hibbard was called upon 
to illustrate the first paper. Since then, Mr. Merrill has furnished the photo- 
graphs for four papers, Dr, Harper for one and the Bryologist for the other 
two. During the session of the University of W ashington Marine Station, for 
the summer of 1906, the writer was with Dr. Harper, who was doing a large 
amount of photographing of lichens and fungi, and gained his consent to 
illustrate the remainder of the papers of this series. So we are under obliga- 
tion's to Dr. Harper until the series is finished. 
Our illustration of Cladonia squamosa is from a specimen sent by L. 
Scriba of his own collecting in Germany, and named by him Cladonia 
squamosa var. denticollis, form squamosissima Flk. , while that of the var. 
phyllocoma is from the specimen collected by the writer at Emo, and deter- 
mined by Dr. Wainio. Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. 
